Orbital blood flow parameters in unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Purpose The evaluation of orbital blood flow parameters in patients with unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) and in age–sex-matched control subjects using color Doppler imaging. Methods This prospective, comparative case series included 33 unilateral XFS patients and 33 age–sex-matched control subjects. Color Doppler imaging was used to evaluate the XFS-affected (Group 1) and -unaffected (Group 2) eyes that were matched with the corresponding side (Groups 3 and 4) of control subjects. All subjects were given a complete ophthalmological examination. A masked radiologist obtained the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) of ophthalmic (OA), central retinal (CRA), nasal posterior ciliary (NPCA) and temporal posterior ciliary arteries (TPCA) as well as mean velocity of central retinal vein (CRV). Resistivity indices (RI) were calculated. Results Analysis of peak systolic and end diastolic velocity (PSV, EDV) and RI between Groups 1–2 and 3–4 did not show any significant difference. Comparing Groups 1–3 (corresponding eyes of pseudoexfoliation-affected and control subjects) and Groups 2–4 (corresponding eyes of pseudoexfoliation-unaffected and control subjects) revealed significantly low values for OA, PSV and EDV in both eyes of the XFS patients. The OA RI value in Group 1 was found to be significantly higher than that in Group 3 with the cut-off value of 0.72. Conclusion These findings suggest that ophthalmic artery hemodynamic parameters change in both eyes of unilateral XFS patients, illustrating out the systemic nature of the disease. We conclude that XFS decreases OA blood flow velocities and increases vascular resistance through progressive build-up.