早产儿脑室内出血的超声诊断

目的:探讨早产儿脑室内出血(IVH)的发生率及其影响因素。方法:对2004年6月~2005年6月我院新生儿科收治的早产儿143例,于生后3~7天应用B超诊断仪进行床边头颅B超检查。结果:143例早产儿平均胎龄(33·5±2·03)周,平均体重(2128±524)g,早产儿脑室内出血的发生率为35·0%,重度IVH占14·0%,早产儿胎龄越小、出生体重越低,发生率愈高,其出血程度也较重。围生期窒息、疾病因素及机械通气等与早产儿脑室内出血密切相关。结论:早产儿脑室内出血发生率高,有严重合并症者发生率增高,且大多无症状,常规进行床边头颅B超检测,可早发现、早治疗。

Ultrasound diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants

Objective:To explore the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH)and risk factors for IVH in premature infants.Methods:The bedside cranial ultrasound were undertaken on 143 premature infants at 3～7 days after birth during Jun. 2004 to Jun. 2005.Results:The average gestational age of 143 premature infants was(33.5±2.03)weeks and average weight was(2128±524)g.The overall incidence of IVH was 34.97% and the proportion of severe IVH was 4.9%.The inverse correlation between IVH and gestational age and birth weight was demonstrated. The lower the gestational age was, the higher the incidence of IVH would be, and the hemorrhage tended towards serious. IVH occurred in premature infants with perinatal asphyxia, diseased and mechanical ventilation, etc.Conclusion:A routine examination of cranial ultrasound is necessary for each premature infant at 3～7 days after birth because there is a higher incidence of IVH in premature infants and many of them are no obvious symptom in clinic. The premature infants with IVH will be diagnosed and treated early.