Increased apolipoprotein E4 allele frequency is associated with vascular dementia in the Hungarian population

Introduction – The regulatory role of apolipoprotein E in lipid transport and metabolism was utilized to investigate the allelic association between the apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) allele and vascular dementia (VD) in a selected sample of Hungarian patients with multiple deep subcortical infarcts and leukoaraiosis. Material and methods – Thirty-four Caucasian VD cases and 79 healthy control probands were involved in this study according to the criteria of ICD-10 and NINDS–AIREN International Workshop Diagnostic Criteria. The genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood and the apoE alleles were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results – The E2, E3 and E4 allele frequencies in the VD group were 5%, 76%, and 19%, respectively; and significant ( P <0.03) differences were found in comparison with the data on the healthy controls (E2, 6%; E3, 87%; E4, 8%). The apoE4 allele frequency was intermediate between HC and Alzheimer's dementia group (28%). Conclusion – These results indicate that the apoE4 allele could be a risk factor not only for certain primary degenerative, but also for vascular dementias.