陕西省饮水型氟中毒改水降氟效果动态观察

目的掌握陕西省饮水型氟中毒病区改水后,水、尿氟含量的变化及儿童氟斑牙的流行趋势,评估饮水型氟中毒防治效果。方法于2006～2008年每年4、9月,对陈家村和西蟠村两个监测点水氟和8～12岁儿童尿氟含量进行测定,采用离子选择电极法;用Dean,s法对8～12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查。结果陈家村水氟含量由改水前的4.20mg/L降至0.93 mg/L,氟斑牙患病率由80.40%降至71.56%;西蟠村水氟含量由改水前的2.40 mg/L降至0.34 mg/L,氟斑牙患病率由54.80%降至42.93%,随着改水时间的延长,尿氟含量呈逐年下降趋势,尿氟含量与氟斑牙患病率之间相关系数显著性检验r=0.864,P〈0.05,二者呈显著正相关关系。结论改水降氟能够有效的控制饮水型氟中毒的流行。

Dynamic analysis defluoridation effect of fluorosis caused by fluoride in drinking water in Shaanxi province

Objective Master the changes of the fluorides contents in water and urine and the of children＇s dental fluorosis in the disease area of fluorosis caused by fluoride in drinking water in Shaanxi province,to evaluate the preventing effect of fluorosis.Methods Determine the fluorides contents in water and urine of the children aged 8 to 12 in the two surveillance sites of Chenjia and Xipan two times every year in April and September in 2006 to 2008.Use fluoride-ion selective electrode method to determine the fluorine and use the Deans method to examining the dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12.Results The fluoride contents in water fall from the pre-4.20mg / L to 0.93mg / L in Chenjia after changing water,the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis fall from 80.40% to 71.56%;The fluoride contents in water fall from pre-2.40mg / L to 0.34mg / L in Xipan after changing water,the prevalence rate of dental fluorosis fall from 54.80% to 42.93%,follow the time of changes water,fluoride contents in water and urine showed a downward trend in year-on-year,there are significant positive correlation between the contents of fluoride in urine and the dental fluorosis,the correlation coefficient of test of significancesalience is r = 0.864,P0.05.Conclusions Change water to reduce fluoride can control the prevalence of the drinking-water type endemic fluorosis effectively.