膝下外侧动脉远端蒂腓骨头瓣的应用解剖

目的为膝下外侧动脉远端蒂腓骨头瓣移植提供解剖学基础。方法在30侧经动脉内灌注红色乳胶成人下肢标本上重点观测膝下外侧动脉发出腓骨头支近端及远端的长度及外径,另在1侧新鲜标本上进行摹拟手术设计。结果膝下外侧动脉始于腘动脉,近端长(4.1±0.5)cm,外径(1.8±0.2)mm,远端长为(5.3±0.4)cm,外径为(1.0±0.1)mm。结论以膝下外侧动脉远端为蒂的腓骨头瓣,较近端为蒂损伤小、操作简便等优点。

Applied anatomy of fibular head flap pedicled with distal inferior lateral genicular artery

Objective　To provide applied anatomical basis for designing of fibular head flap pedicled with distal inferior lateral genicular artery. 　Methods　Proximal and distal lengths and outer diameters of the inferior lateral genicular artery were observed and measured on 30 specimens of adult lower limb perfused with red latex. Simulating operation of the harvesting the flap was performed on one side of fresh specimen.　 Results　The inferior lateral genicular artery originated commonly from popliteal artery. Proximal length of it was about （4.1±0.5）cm, and the outer diameter about （1.8±0.2）mm. The distal length was about（5.3±0.4）cm，the outer diameter about （1.0±0.1）mm. 　Conclusions　Compared to that of proximal arterial pedicle, the fibular head flap pedicled with distal inferior lateral genicular artery is more reliable for operative procedure.