Intention to comply with post-exposure management among nurses exposed to blood and body fluids in Taiwan: application of the theory of planned behaviour |
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Authors: | Ko N-Y Yeh S-H Tsay S-L Ma H-J Chen C-H Pan S-M Feng M-C Chiang M-C Lee Y-W Chang L-H Jang J-F |
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Institution: | a Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University & Hospital, Taiwan;b Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Taiwan;c Chang Gung Hospital at Kaohsiung, Taiwan;d Graduate School of Nursing, National Taipei College of Nursing, Taiwan;e Koahsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Taiwan;f Nursing Department of the Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan;g Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taiwan;h Mennonite Christian Hospital, Taiwan |
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Abstract: | Nurses are at significant risk from occupationally acquired bloodborne virus infections following a needlestick and sharps injury. This study aimed to apply the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict nurses' intention to comply with occupational post-exposure management. A cross-sectional survey was applied to select registered nurses who worked in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-designated hospitals. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire based on the TPB was distributed to 1630 nurses and 1134 (69.5%) questionnaires were returned. From these, a total of 802 nurses (71%) reported blood and body fluid exposure incidents during 2003-2005 and this group was used for analysis. Only 44.6% of the 121 exposed nurses who were prescribed post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) by infectious disease doctors returned to the clinic for interim monitoring, and only 56.6% of exposed nurses confirmed their final serology status. Structural equation modelling was used to test the TPB indicating perceived behavioural control (the perception of the difficulty or ease of PEP management, β=0.58), subjective norm (the perception of social pressure to adhere to PEP, β=0.15), and attitudes (β=0.12) were significant direct effects on nurses' intention to comply with post-exposure management. The hypothesised model test indicated that the model fitted with the expected relationships and directions of theoretical constructs χ(2) (14, N=802)=23.14, P=0.057, GFI=0.987, RMSEA=0.039]. The TPB model constructs accounted for 54% of the variance in nurses' intention to comply with post-exposure management. The TPB is an appropriate model for predicting nurses' intention to comply with post-exposure management. Healthcare facilities should have policies to decrease the inconvenience of follow-up to encourage nurses to comply with post-exposure management. |
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Keywords: | Bloodborne virus infections Needlestick and sharps injury Post-exposure management Structural equation modelling Theory of planned behaviour |
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