Polyfunctional Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific effector memory CD4+ T cells at sites of pleural TB |
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Authors: | El Fenniri L Toossi Z Aung H El Iraki G Bourkkadi J Benamor J Laskri A Berrada N Benjouad A Mayanja-Kizza H Betts M R El Aouad R Canaday D H |
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Affiliation: | a Département d’Immunologie-Virologie, Institut national d’Hygiène, 27, Avenue Ibn Batouta, BP 769, Rabat, Morocco;b Hôpital Moulay Youssef, Avenue sidi Mohamed ben abdellah, Rabat, Morocco;c Laboratoire de Biochimie-Immunologie, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, 4 Avenue Ibn Batouta, BP 1014 RP, Rabat, Morocco;d Division of Infectious Disease, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., BRB 1022, Cleveland, OH 44106-4984, USA;e Department of Medicine, Makerere University, PO Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda;f Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA |
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Abstract: | Pleural tuberculosis (TB) is a common presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection, and despite spontaneous resolution remains a strong risk factor for reactivation pulmonary TB in a majority of individuals. This study was undertaken to further understand the characteristics of immune cells at sites of pleural TB. A significant shift toward memory CD4+ T cells with an effector phenotype and away from na?ve CD4+ T cells in pleural fluid as compared to blood mononuclear cells was found. These data suggest that effector T cells are capable of migrating to sites of active TB infection and/or the differentiation to effector phenotype T cells in situ is highly amplified. Using multi-parameter flow cytometry analysis, a significant portion of MTB-specific CD4+ T cells in the pleural space were polyfunctional demonstrating two, three or four simultaneous functions including IFN-gamma, IL-2, TNF-alpha, and or MIP-1 alpha production. A greater proportion of these polyfunctional cells were of effector memory rather than central memory phenotype. The role of these polyfunctional MTB-specific CD4+ T cells at sites of pleural TB requires further study. |
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Keywords: | Tuberculosis Pleuritis CD4+ T cells Immunity Polyfunctional |
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