增食欲素调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的研究进展

增食欲素A和增食欲素B是下丘脑神经肽,通过激活两种G蛋白耦联受体发挥作用.增食欲素及其受体表达于下丘脑室旁核和正中隆起,增食欲素受体还表达于脑垂体促皮质激素细胞、肾上腺皮质和髓质.增食欲素能调节摄食、能量代谢平衡、睡醒周期、血压等,还能调节下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴.现就增食欲素及其受体在HPA轴中枢支和周围支(peripheral branches)的表达及作用机制作一综述.

Recent progress of orexin in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Orexin A and orexin B are hypothalamic peptides that play roles via two G protein-cou-pled receptors. Orexins and their receptors are expressed in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and me-dian eminence, orexins receptors also expressed in pituitary corticotrophs, adrenal cortex and medulla. Orexins regulate feeding, energy metabolic homeostasis, the sleep/wake cycle, blood pressure and so on, they also modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Expression and function of orexins and their recep-tors in the central and peripheral branches of the HPA axis are reviewed in this article.