对辨证与辨病的探讨

中医学在构建之初，就存在两种诊治疾病的方法──辨证论治与辨病论治。千百年来中医临床的总趋势是：在辨病和辩证结合的基础上，逐渐从辨病论治走向辨证论治，从群体医学走向个体医学。由于现今中医学对“证”实质研究的困惑和裹足不前，使得人们重新对中医辨病加以审视。就实质而言，辨病强调致病因素的作用和疾病本身特异性的变化规律，治疗重在消除各种病源因素；辨证旨在揭示人体自身运动的规律及机体的功能状态对环境反应的差异性，治疗重调整机体的反应状态和自身的某些属性。辨证与辨病的结合是当今临床中的必然，其前提是：一要加强对中医学病种和证型规范化的研究；二是确立中医具有优势的临床领域；三是找到具有中医特点的诊治模式和科研方法。

DISCUSSION ON DIFFERENTIATING DISEASE AND SYMPTOM

When the subject of TCM came into being,there were two ,,rays of diagnosis and treatment diseases-treatment that depends on differentiating symptoms and treatment that depends on differentiating disease. Thereafter,the trend of TCM clink is that on the basis of differentiating symptoms and disease,TCM turned from group medicine to personal medicine. Because modern TCM can' t make progress on the research ot symptoms, people began to revalue the differentiating disease of TCM. Essentially,differetiating disease emphasizes the effect of the pathogenetic tactors and the special regularity of disease,and to eliminate those factors in clinic. Difterentiating symptoms emphsize the regularity of body and its different function and reaction of body to the enviroment, nd to adjust the condition of reaction and function in clinic. Today,the combination of differentiating symptomsand disease is the necessity of modern TCM clinic. There are three works must to be donefirst,to strength researching the stanidard of TCM' s disease and symptoms; second, to confirm TCM' s superior field in clinic; the last,to lind the pattern of diagnosis and treatment and the research method with the character of TCM.