中药寒热药性表达模糊评价模式的理论与实验研究

目的：寒热药性反映了中药的作用趋向,其认知概念具有模糊性特征,符合模糊数学的应用范畴。本文旨在通过建立药性生物学表达的模糊判别模式并运用其分析实验数据,为整体、综合地评价寒热药性提供方法学指导。方法：首先,建立寒热药性表达模糊评价模式。以经典寒热复方效应作为寒热药性表达的基准方向,运用Fisher线性判别法计算寒热药性表达模糊集的隶属度函数,进一步得到寒性表达函数和热性表达函数,并以此作为评价参数。第二,对评价模式进行实践。以姜附桂方作为经典热性复方,以三黄方作为经典寒性复方,以各系统生化指标考察药性表达,建立寒、热性表达方程。在此基础上,收集热性药肉桂、仙茅,寒性药黄柏、栀子干预正常状态,以及糖皮质激素诱导的虚寒和虚热状态模型的生物学实验数据,将药物干预前后机体状态的相对变化量代入评价模式,分析其药性表达特征。结果：肉桂干预正常、虚寒和虚热3个状态的热性表达均值大于寒性表达均值,分别为0.528〉0.221、0.203〉-0.490、1.750〉-0.479;仙茅干预正常和虚寒状态的热性表达均值大于寒性表达均值,分别为0.474〉-1.601、0.288〉-1.923,体现了药物的热性;黄柏干预正常状态和虚寒状态的寒性表达均值大于热性表达均值,分别为0.798〉-0.870、0.194〉-0.339;栀子干预虚热状态的寒性表达均值大于热性表达均值0.354〉-1.802,体现了药物的寒性。结论：运用寒热药性模糊评价模式,可以有效分析出药物的寒热药性和药性表达方式。药性相同的中药,既有共性表达,也有个性表现。寒热药性表达具有多途径特点。

A theoretical and experimental study on the Fuzzy evaluation model of biological performance of Chinese materia medica with an either cold or hot herbal property

The concepts of cold and hot herbal properties in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, reflecting the efficacy trends of medicinal herbs, have the Fuzzy characteristics. It is suited for the application of Fuzzy mathematics in research of herbal properties. For a comprehensive evaluation of herbal properties, this work constructed and made a practice of the Fuzzy discrimination model regarding the biological performance of Chinese materia medica. METHODS： Firstly, TCM formulas of cold or hot property were employed for setting the reference values and calculating the membership functions of cold and hot Fuzzy sets with Fisher discriminant. Then the model parameters of cold performance function （CPF） and hot performance function （HPF） were acquired. Second, the experimental data from studies on changes in multisystem indicators of animals given the classical cold formula （Sanhuang Fang） and hot formula （Jiangfugui Fang） were collected to calculate CPF and HPF. Then an experiment of administration of hot property herbs, Rougui （Cortex Cinnamomi） and Xianmao （Rhizoma Curculiginis）, and cold property herbs, Huangbai （Cortex Phellodendri） and Zhizi （Fructus Gardeniae） to normal animals and animals with glucocorticoid-induced yang-deficiency or yin-deficiency state was designed. The relative changes in animal states were analyzed by the evaluation model to find the way in which herbal properties are represented. RESULTS： The HPF values of biological performance were higher than the CPF values in administration of Rougui to animals of normal （0. 528〉0. 221）, yang-deficiency （0. 203〉-0. 490） and yin-deficiency （1. 750 〉-0.479） states, and in administration of Xianmao to animals of normal （0. 474〉-1. 601） and yang- deficiency （0. 288〉-1.923） states, which represented the hot property. The HPF values of biological performance were lower than the CPF values in administration of Huangbai to animals of normal （-0. 870〈 0.798） and yang-deficiency （-0. 339〈 0. 194） states, and in administration of Zhizi to animals of yin- deficiency （-1. 802〈0. 354） state, which represented the cold property. CONCLUSION： The herbal properties and the biological performance characteristics of herbal formulas are ascertained by using the Fuzzy evaluation model. The personalities, as well as commonalities of herbal properties are key areas for focus because of the multi-approach biological performance of cold and hot property.