浅谈药用植物良种选育的目标和常规途径

针对传统药用植物的品质退化进行品质改良，选育优良品种，是优化中草药品质的根本途径。优质、高产、稳产、熟期适应、抗性强、适应性相对较广是各种药用植物育种的共同目标，但不同药用植物品种的侧重点和具体内容各有变化。在药用植物的良种选育工作中，确定育种目标是基础。通常用以下途径进行良种繁育：1．种质资源调查和收集；2．引种驯化；3．良种选育；4．建立良种繁育基地。

A Preliminary Discussion on Objectives of Variety Breeding of Medicinal Plants and Its Conventional Approaches

It is the basic approach for the optimization of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine to improve the deteriorated quality of Chinese medicinal plants and develop their varieties by selection. Good quality, high yield, stable output, appropriate maturation period, strong resistance to natural disasters and diseases and relatively extensive adaptability constitute the common objectives in the breeding of various medicinal plants, but the priorities and specific contents of them may be different in the breeding of different varieties of medicinal plants. The selection of objectives is the foundation in the breeding. The breeding of improved varieties usually goes through the following procedues: 1. Investigation and collection of germplasms; 2. Introduction of fine varieties and acclimatization of them; 3. Selection and improvement of varieties; 4. Establishment of bases for propagation of improved varieties.