Hemolytic uremic syndrome following bone marrow transplantation: a case report and review of the literature

Unlike primary idiopathic childhood hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), certain cases of HUS are clearly secondary. This article describes a child who represents the 11th reported case of secondary HUS following bone marrow transplantation, and notably, the fourth such case without exposure to cyclosporine A. The renal biopsy was diagnostic in this case. Therefore, the pathognomonic features of the biopsy, as well as its prognostic implications are described and clarified. This patient was treated with plasma exchange, and is the second reported surviving case of secondary HUS following bone marrow transplantation.