高血压大鼠学习记忆障碍及降压药物疗效

目的：观察高血压大鼠学习记忆功能的损害并评价比较降压药物的治疗效果。方法：自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ，１６ｗｋ）分３组（ｎ＝６），其中两组分别使用尼群地平、卡托普利，另一组为对照组；肾血管性高血压Ｗｉｓｔａｒ－Ｋｙｏｔｏ（ＷＫＹ）大鼠（ＲＨＲ，１６ｗｋ）共６组（ｎ＝６），其中５组分别使用卡托普利、美多洛尔、普萘洛尔、硝苯地平、哌唑嗪，另一组不用药。再设一正常对照ＷＫＹ（１６ｗｋ，ｎ＝６）组。治疗８ｗｋ后，连续５ｄ进行跳台试验，每天１０次。结果：两种未经治疗的高血压大鼠ｄ５的主动回避反应计分均有不同程度的下降（ＳＨＲ：０．９±１．１，ＲＨＲ：４．２±１．２ｖｓ，ＷＫＹ：８．７±１．８，Ｐ均＜０．０１）；用药ＳＨＲ两组与对照ＳＨＲ组相比（３．６±１６，４．３±１．８ｖｓ０．９±１．１，Ｐ＜０．０５），记分明显改善；ＲＨＲ美多洛尔７．７±１．６，ＲＨＲ普萘洛尔８．３±１．９，ＲＨＲ卡托普利８．０±２．０，ＲＨＲ硝苯地平７．２±１．７，ＲＨＲ哌唑嗪７．３±１．７，与ＲＨＲ对照（４．２±１．２）比较，Ｐ均＜０．０１；主动回避反应计分有显著提高。进一步比较不同药物治疗组，当降压程度相似时，各组主动回避反应计分无明显差别。?

The protective effects of antihypertensives on learning and memory impairment in hypertensive rats

AIM:The present study was to evaluate the protective effects of various antihypertensives on learning and memory in hypertensive rats. METHODS:Two groups ( n=6 ) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, 16 wk) were treated with captopril and nitrendipine respectively. One group ( n=6 ) of SHR (16 wk) was control group. Renalvascular hypertensive Wistarkyoto (WKY) rats were divided into six groups (RHR, 16 wk, n=6 ), five groups were treated with metoprolol, propranolol, captopril, nifidipine, pazosin respectively and one group was control group. One normotensive WKY group (WKY, 16 wk, n=6 ) treated with placebo was used to referense. After eight week treatment, active avoidance response (AAR) of rats was observed with jumping test for five days. RESULTS:The AAR marks of all groups were fellowed: SHR:0 9±1 1, RHR: 4 2±1 2, WKY: 8 7±1 8, the marks of SHR and RHR were significantly less than WKY ( P <0 01). But the marks of treated SHR and RHR groups were superior to control SHR and RHR (SHRcap 3 5±1 6, SHRnit 4 8±1 8 vs SHRcon 4 2±1 2, P <0 01). The effects of different drugs were similar. CONCLUSIONS:The impairment of learning and memory was observed in two kinds of hypertensive rats. The effects of metoprolol, propranolol, captopril, nifidipine, pazosin and nitrendipine were similar to the same extent of blood pressure decrease.