不同方法评估人群营养状况作用比较

目的 比较体质指数（BMI），腰围。生物电阻抗法3种方法评估人群营养状况的作用。方法 上海某大学2001年秋季本专科入学新生940人（男生285人，女生655人），测身高，体重，脂肪含量，腰围等，计算三相关性；以BMI为参照指标。计算腰围法与生物电阻抗法的真实性，灵敏性。特异性等。结果 三间均显相关，按性别分组后，仍获相似结果。与BMI法比较，在检测体重过低发生率时，生物电阻抗法与腰围法均有良好的真实性和相当强的特异性，但两种方法的敏感性明显低于BMI法，在评价超重与肥胖状况时，两种方法的特异性与灵敏性比较平衡。因而均有较佳的真实性。结论 BMI作为人群普查的常用指标。是可靠怀适用的。如果可能，同果测量腰围更为理想，生物电阻抗法的高灵敏性使之适用于超重与肥胖人群筛查而非流行病学调查。

Comparison of the Different Methods for Nutrition Assessment

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the body mass index(BMI)and its relationship with other methods of nutrition assessment in the university f reshmen.Method940university freshmen(male:285,female:655).Height s,weights and waist circumferences were measured.Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA).BMI was calculated by the formula BMI=weight (kg)/height 2 (cm 2 ).We assessed the relation between the three methods,the authenticity,s peciality and sensitivity of BIA and WC in comparison with BMI .Results The BM I was significantly correlated with the other methods.In malnutrition evaluati on,the authenticity and the speciality of the WC and BIA were fine,although w ith the poor sensitivity.But in the overweight evaluation,the speciality was quite equal with the sensitivity.Conclusions BMI is credible in population n utrition assessment.It' s much better if waist circumference is measured at th e same time.The high sensitivity makes the BIA applicable not to the populatio n nutrition survey but to the overweight screening.