脉冲电场诱致皮肤电穿孔的荧光显微观察

从组织形态学角度观察脉冲电场和直流电场作用后皮肤结构的变化,以阐明这两种技术的差别.将人皮和蛇皮置于Valia-Chien双室扩散池,用电穿孔脉冲电场(脉幅380V,脉率4ppm,脉宽5.5ms,脉冲数100个,电容量22μF)和离子导入直流电流(0.5mA/cm2)作用于这些皮肤,用荧光显微镜观察被动扩散(对照)、离子导入和电穿孔三组皮肤的结构变化,荧光素为FITC.结果表明,对于人皮被动扩散见有少量15～30μm边缘粗糙的高亮荧光斑点;离子导入见高亮荧光斑点边缘变得光滑,尺度不变;电穿孔的高亮荧光斑点扩大至80～90μm,边缘光滑.对于蛇皮被动扩散和离子导入都未观察到高亮荧光斑点,但在电穿孔观察到25～30μm的高亮荧光斑点.提示脉冲电场可以诱致皮肤电穿孔,产生药物经皮渗透的新途径.

The Electric Pulse Caused Pore in the Skin Observed by Fluorescence Microscopy

The objective of this study was to enunciate the difference in skin morphological changes between iontophroresis and electroporation for transdermal drug delivery (TDD). Fluorescence microscope was employed to observe the skin structure of human and snake in passive diffusion (control); iontophoresis was performed using direct current(0.5 mA/cm2) and electroporation was performed using intensive 380 V, pulse rate 4 ppm, pulse duration 5.5 ms, pulse number 100 and electric capacity 22 microF. Fluorescein was FITC. The results showed that for human skin in the passive, these were a few highlight fluorescent blots with scale of 15-30 microns and rough edge, but the edge of the blots became smooth and the scale did not change in the iontophoresis; when the scale of the blots was extended to 80-90 microns, the edge was smooth. For the snakes shin, the highlight blots were not sighted in the passive and iontophoresis, but they were found to be 25-30 microns in the electroporation. These data demonstrate that electric pulse can cause pore in the skin, thus creating a new route for drug permeation through skin.