益气活血类中药干预线粒体质量控制治疗心力衰竭的实验研究进展

心力衰竭(简称心衰)是一种复杂的临床综合征,是由各种原因导致的心脏损伤代偿失败的最终结果。长期持续心脏应激导致线粒体功能障碍,线粒体功能障碍反过来会进一步损害心肌细胞,导致病情进展。及时清除心肌细胞内受损的线粒体,维持存活线粒体良好的生存环境是保护心肌细胞的有效手段,也是防治心衰及心室重构的新途径。线粒体质量控制是线粒体维持自身结构和功能稳定的一系列细胞活动,包括氧化应激反应、调节线粒体动力学、线粒体自噬、细胞内钙调节等。中医药在治疗慢性心衰时大多采用益气活血类药物,气与线粒体在功能上具有相似性,中医学认为,气虚时机体表现为"静止的、下降的、抑制的"与线粒体能量缺损亦可类比,中医经典补气活血治法可应用于此。近年来中医药以线粒体为靶点,从心肌能量供应角度出发,开展许多相关实验研究,发现益气活血类中药可以多靶点、多环节参与调控细胞内线粒体质量控制相关机制,并用实验证实了益气活血类中药可以通过此机制发挥心肌保护效应。

Experimental Research Progress of Replenishing Qi and Activating Blood Circulation Traditional Chinese Medicine on Mitochondrial Quality Control in Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome,which is the final result of compensatory failure of heart injury caused by various reasons. Long-term persistent cardiac stress leads to mitochondrial dysfunction,which in turn further damages cardiomyocytes and leads to disease progression. Timely removal of damaged mitochondria in cardiomyocytes and maintaining a good living environment of viable mitochondria is not only an effective means to protect cardiomyocytes,but also a new way to prevent and treat heart failure and ventricular remodeling. Mitochondrial quality control is a series of cellular activities for mitochondria to maintain their structural and functional stability,including oxidative stress response,regulation of mitochondrial dynamics,mitochondrial autophagy,intracellular calcium regulation and so on. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)mostly uses drugs of replenishing Qi and activating blood circulation in the treatment of chronic heart failure,and Qi and mitochondria are similar in function. According to TCM,the performance of the body as "static,descending and inhibitory" in the case of Qi deficiency can also be compared with the energy defect of mitochondria. The classical method of tonifying qi and activating blood circulation in TCM can be applied here. In recent years,TCM takes mitochondria as the target and carries out many related experimental studies from the point of view of myocardial energy supply. It is found that Chinese herbs for replenishing Qi and activating blood circulation can participate in regulating the quality control mechanism of intracellular mitochondria with multiple targets and links. It is proved by experiments that Chinese herbs for replenishing Qi and activating blood circulation can exert myocardial protective effect through this mechanism.