Acute septic arthritis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae

Septic arthritis caused by Gram-negative bacteria is uncommon. However, Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens in Taiwan in several clinical entities, including severe community-acquired pneumonia, community-acquired lung abscess, empyema, necrotizing fasciitis, and liver abscess. However, the research focusing on septic arthritis caused by K. pneumoniae is only limited. Herein, we described three cases of K. pneumoniae-associated septic arthritis. Two of them had underlying diabetes mellitus, and one of them was caused by extended beta-lactamase–producing K. pneumoniae. All outcomes were favorable under appropriate management, which included antibiotic treatment or drainage.