常州市特殊人群弓形虫感染状况及知识行为调查分析

目的了解常州市特殊人群弓形虫感染状况、防治知识知晓情况及相关行为,为制定有效的弓形虫病防治措施提供科学依据。方法选择常州市孕妇、肿瘤病人及畜禽养殖或产品加工人员等3类特殊人群为调查对象,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测其血清弓形虫IgG、IgM抗体,并进行弓形虫病防治知识与行为问卷调查。结果 2015年3月—5月,共调查检测300人,弓形虫感染率16.3%(49/300);弓形虫病防治知识知晓率17.3%(52/300)。弓形虫病防治知识知晓组常接触猫/狗者占25.0%(13/52),低于不知晓组的50.8%(126/248),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.51,P0.05);知晓组生熟砧板分开者占61.5%(32/52),高于不知晓组的9.3%(23/248),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=78.43,P0.001)。弓形虫病防治知识知晓率与感染率之间呈负相关,知晓组弓形虫感染率5.8%(3/52),低于不知晓组的18.5%(46/248),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.14,P0.05)。结论常州市特殊人群弓形虫病防治知识知晓率较低,应加强宣传教育,增强其卫生防护意识,改变不良生活习惯。

Infection status of Toxoplasma gondii and its related knowledge and behavior among special population in Changzhou City

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and related knowledge and behavior among special population in Changzhou City， so as to provide the evidence for formulating effective measures of toxoplasmosis prevention. Methods The pregnant women and patients with neoplasia in Changzhou hospitals， and livestock and poultry breeding or processing workers were selected as the subjects of the study. Venous blood samples were collected from each participant for detecting IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii by ELISA. A questionnaire investigation on knowledge and behavior about T. gondii infection was conducted. Results Among the total 300 respondents investigated from March to May， 2015， the prevalence of T. gondii infection was 16.3% （49/300）. Totally 52 respondents knew the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection with an awareness rate of 17.3% （52/300）. The proportion of participants who frequently contacted with cats/dogs （25.0%， 13/52） in the group who knew the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection was lower than that of participants （50.8%， 126/248） in the group who did not know the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection， and the difference was statistically significant （c2 = 11.51， P < 0.05）. The proportion of participants separating chopping boards for raw and cooked food （61.5%， 32/52） in the group who knew the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection was statistically higher than that of the participants （9.3%， 23/248） in the group who did not know the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection， and the difference was statistically significant （c2 = 78.43， P < 0.001）. There was a negative correlation between the awareness rate of the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection and the infection rate of T. gondii. The infection rate of T. gondii （5.8%， 3/52） in the group who knew the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection was lower than that （18.5%， 46/248） of the group who did not know the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection， and the difference was statistically significant （c2 = 5.14， P < 0.05）. Conclusions The awareness rate of the knowledge about the prevention and control of T. gondii infection among special population in Changzhou City is low. The health education on the knowledge of the prevention and control of toxoplasmosis should be strengthened， in order to improve the awareness of personal hygiene and change the unhealthy lifestyles and dietary habits.