胆囊息肉样病变的流行病学及危险因素

胆囊息肉样病变(PLG)临床常见,以非肿瘤性息肉为主,少部分为肿瘤性息肉。总结了PLG的流行病学及相关危险因素,提示PLG的发病是由性别、HBV感染、代谢综合征、内脏肥胖、低密度脂蛋白低水平、胆囊壁增厚、糖尿病等多种因素共同作用所致。随着PLG的发病率日趋升高,认为今后的研究重点应着眼于运用流行病学研究结果,对高危人群定期进行健康筛查,并对确诊患者进行规范化随访观察,发现并及早干预具有癌变可能的PLG。

Epidemiology of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder and related risk factors

Polypoid lesions of the gallbladder(PLG)is a common gallbladder disease in clinical practice.Most patients have non-adenomatous polyps,while adenomatous polyps are observed in a small number of patients.This article summarizes the epidemiology of PLG and related risk factors and points out that PLG is caused by the combined effect of various factors including sex,hepatitis B virus infection,metabolic syndrome,visceral obesity,a low level of low-density lipoprotein,gallbladder wall thickening,and diabetes.With the gradual increase in the incidence rate of PLG,epidemiological data should be used for health screening among the high-risk population,and standardized follow-up should be performed for patients with a confirmed diagnosis.PLG which may progress to cancer should be identified and intervention should be given as early as possible.