抗HBV药物的研究进展

HBV感染严重危害全球公众健康,全球约有20亿人感染过HBV。HBV感染可导致慢性肝炎、肝硬化、肝衰竭甚至肝癌。目前,我国已批准可用于慢性乙型肝炎治疗的药物有核苷(酸)类似物和干扰素两大类。长期应用核苷类似物安全性和耐受性良好,且可以有效抑制病毒复制并降低肝脏相关并发症的发生风险,但疗程长且不确定,存在耐药风险及停药后易复发等问题。干扰素类药物副作用较大,且血清学转换及治愈率有限。因此,研发针对HBV不同靶点的新型抗病毒药物对于治疗慢性乙型肝炎至关重要。主要归纳了针对不同靶点的抗HBV药物的研究进展,旨在为临床及相关科研工作提供参考。

Research advances in anti-hepatitis B virus drugs

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has always been a great threat to public health,and about 2 billion people in the world have the history of HBV infection.Chronic HBV infection can lead to chronic hepatitis,liver cirrhosis,and even hepatocellular carcinoma.At present,nucleoside analogues (NAs) and interferons (IFNs) have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in China.Long-term use of NAs has good safety and tolerability and can effectively inhibit viral replication and reduce the risk of liver-related complications,but there are still the issues such as long and uncertain course of treatment,risk of drug resistance,and recurrence after drug withdrawal.IFNs have severe side effects with limited seroconversion and cure rate.Therefore,the research and development of new antiviral drugs with different targets of HBV is of vital importance for the treatment of chronic HBV infection.This article summarizes the research advances in anti-HBV drugs with different targets,so as to provide a reference for clinical and research work.