岳阳市君山区以淘汰牛羊为重点的血吸虫病综合防治效果分析

目的评价君山区以全面淘汰牛、羊为重点的血吸虫病综合防治措施的防治效果。方法采用回顾性调查和现场调查相结合的方法,收集2006-2016年君山区试点村淘汰牛、羊,查治病、查灭螺等资料,分析血吸虫病疫情变化趋势。结果 2006-2012年试点区居民血吸虫感染率从3.44%下降至0.59%,降幅82.85%,下降趋势有统计学意义(F=14.501,P=0.013);2009-2013年居民血吸虫感染率在1%左右波动;2013年全面淘汰牛、羊后,居民血吸虫感染率从2012年底的0.59%下降至0,下降趋势有统计学意义(F=14.148,P=0.033)。2006-2012年活螺平均密度呈逐年下降趋势,从0.883 3只/0.1 m~2下降至0.308 8只/0.1 m~2,降幅为62.55%,趋势有统计学意义(F=76.250,P=0.005)。结论全面牛、羊淘汰为重点的血吸虫病综合防治措施控制血吸虫病效果显著。

Effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control strategy with focus on cattle and sheep removal in Junshan District,Yueyang City

Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures with focus on total removal of cattle and sheep in Junshan District， Yueyang City. Methods The retrospective review and field survey were implemented in the pilot villages in Junshan District. The data of Schistosoma japonicum infection status of human， cattle， sheep and Oncomelania hupensis snails， and density of snails were gathered and modeled in the period of 2006 to 2016. Results The prevalence of schistosome infection in residents in the pilot villages decreased from 3.44% in 2006 to 0.59% in 2012 （F = 14.501， P = 0.013）. After removal of all the cattle and sheep in 2013， the prevalence of schistosome infection in the residents decreased to zero in 2016 （F = 14.148， P = 0.033）. The density of living snails decreased from 0.883 3/0.1 m2 in 2006 to 0.308 8/0.1 m2 in 2012 （F = 76.250， P = 0.005）. Conclusion The comprehensive schistosomiasis control strategy with focus on cattle and sheep removal is remarkably effective.