盐酸帕洛诺司琼对顺铂为主化疗引起恶心呕吐效果

目的探讨盐酸帕洛诺司琼预防化疗药物引起恶心、呕吐的效果和不良反应。方法选择120例有化疗适应证的肿瘤病人,化疗方案以顺铂为主。随机分为两组,实验组（n=60）化疗前30 min静脉注射盐酸帕洛诺司琼0.25 mg,注射时间超过30 s;对照组（n=60）化疗前30 min静脉滴注盐酸托烷司琼5 mg,时间超过15 min。对两组化疗后1-5 d的恶心程度、止吐效果及不良反应进行评价。结果实验组在急性期、延迟期和全期的止吐有效率分别为92.36%、85.02%、80.91%,对照组分别为87.08%、67.25%、62.17%,两组延迟期和全期有效率比较,差异有显著性（2χ=55.34、58.22,P〈0.05）。实验组在第2~4天的恶心改善率分别为90.27%、78.51%、89.62%,对照组分别为70.05%、61.13%、70.83%,两组比较差异有显著性（χ2=56.25~59.33,P〈0.05）。两组不良反应差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论盐酸帕洛诺司琼对预防化疗引起的恶心、呕吐有较好疗效。

THE EFFICACY OF PALONOSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE IN PREVENTING NAUSEA AND VOMITING INDUCED BY CISPLATIN-BASED CHEMOTHERAPY

Objective To investigate the efficacy and adverse effects of palonosetron hydrochloride in the prevention of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapeutics. Methods This study consisted of 120 cancer patients indicated for chemotherapy,who were mainly treated with cisplatin.The patients were evenly randomized to experiment group： intravenous palonosetron 0.25 mg given 30 min before the therapy,lasting for over 30 s,and control group： intravenous dripping of tropisetron hydrochloride,5 mg,was given 30 min before the therapy,lasting for over 15 min.The efficacy of the antiemetics was evaluated from day 1 to day 5 after treatment. Results The effective rates in acute stage,lag period and whole period in experiment group were 92.36%,85.02% and 80.91%,and that in control group were 87.08%,67.25% and 62.17%,respectively.The differences between the two groups were significant（χ2=55.34,58.22;P〈0.05）.The improvement rates of nausea on day 2,3 and 4 were90.27%,78.51% and 89.62% for experiment group verses 70.05%,61.13% and 70.83% for the control,respectively,the differences being significant between the two groups（χ2=56.25-59.33,P〉0.05）.As for adverse effects,no statistical difference was noted（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Palonosetron hydrochloride is better than tropisetron hydrochlorid for preventing nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy.