卒中患者高血压危险因素及并发症3059例20年回顾性分析

目的分析卒中患者的高血压危险因素、并发症及病死率，为防治卒中提供参考依据。方法对3059例住院卒中患者进行回顾性分析，统计患者的一般情况、高血压、并发症及病死率，并进行x^2检验。结果3059例卒中患者血压升高者1970例，以轻度居多。在脑出血中，重度高血压有增高趋势，其中接受过降压治疗者897例，坚持治疗者244例；并发症主要为生化代谢异常、肺部感染、消化道出血和肾功能不全等；病死率以脑出血患者最高，脑梗死最低，均有随年代下降趋势，而蛛网膜下腔出血的病死率无明显下降。结论预防卒中必须坚持降压治疗，及时纠正生化代谢异常和防治肺部感染，是减少卒中并发症的重点。

Clinical analysis the risk factors of hypertension and the complications of 3 059 hospitalized stroke patients in 20 years period

Objective To investigate the risk factor of hypertension, the complications and the mortality of stroke were investigated in order to provide more data for stroke prevention and therapy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 3 059 stroke patients on their general condition, hypertension, complication and mortality. Chi-square test was used to compare between groups. Results Among the 3 059 stroke cases, 1 970 cases suffered from hypertension and most of them were mild, 897 cases have accepted treatment but only 244 cases insisted it. In patients with severe hypertension, the blood pressure was elevated after cerebral hemorrhage; the most common complications were biochemical metabolism imbalance, lung infection , gastrointestinal hemorrhage and renal failure etc. Combination of biochemical metabolism imbalance and lung infection were the main complications of stroked; Patients the highest mortality occured in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and the lowest in cerebral infarction, and both of them descended year by year, while the mortality of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) descended not obviously. Conclusion The key to treat hypertension is to popularize knowledge of health protection and accept sustaind treatment. Correcting biochemical metabolism imbalance and treating lung infection promptly were very important to improve the outcome of stroke.