微型营养评价法在老年心血管疾病住院患者营养不良风险评价中的应用

目的：探讨微型营养评价法（MNA）在老年心血管疾病（CVD）住院患者营养不良风险评价中的应用。方法运用 MNA 法测定316例老年 CVD 住院患者的 MNA 总分，根据 MNA 总分 评 估 患 者 营 养 状 况。结果营养不良组52例（16．46％），营养不良风险组60例（18．99％），营养状况良好组204例（64．56％）；女性老年患者营养风险及营养不良发生率均高于男性患者，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）；高龄患者（≥80岁）营养风险及营养不良发生率均高于低龄患者（60～＜80岁），但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）；农村患者营养风险及营养不良发生率均高于城镇居住患者，且差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。结论老年 CVD 患者营养不良风险发生率较高，可在老年 CVD 住院患者中应用 MNA 进行营养状况监测和营养不良风险的早期筛查。

Application of mini-nutritional assessment in malnutrition risk evaluation of elderly inpatient with cardiovascular disease

Objective To investigate the application of the mini nutritional assessment (MNA)in the malnutrition risk eval-uation of elderly inpatients with cardiovascular disease(CVD).Methods The MNA method was adopted to detect the MNA scores in 316 elderly inpatients with CVD.The inpatient′s nutritional status was evaluated according to the MNA scores.Results Among 316 cases,52 cases(16.46%)were malnutrition,60 cases (18.99%)had the malnutrition risk and 204 cases (64.56%)were in a good nutritional status;the occurrence rate of malnutrition and malnutrition risk in the female elderly patients were higher than those in the male patients,the differences were statistically significant(P <0.01);the occurrence rate of malnutrition and malnutri-tion risk in the elderly inpatients(≥80 years old)were higher than those in the low age patients(60~<80 years old),but the differ-ences had no statistical significance(P >0.05);the occurrence rate of malnutrition and malnutrition risk in the rural patients were higher than those in the patients lived in city,the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Elderly inpatients with CVD have the higher prevalence of the malnutrition risk,the MNA can be applied in elderly inpatients with CVD for conduc-ting the nutritional status monitoring and early screening the malnutrition risk.