南宁地区壮族人群ABO和Rh血型分布调查与分析

目的：通过调查南宁地区壮族人群 ABO 和 Rh 血型的分布情况，指导本地区科学地进行无偿献血招募及合理储存血液。方法对2052份南宁地区壮族人群的血样进行 ABO 和 Rh 血型鉴定，采用χ2检验是否符合 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡法则，并与其他地区、民族的分布特征相比较。结果南宁地区壮族人群 ABO 血型分布特征为 O＞ B＞ A＞ AB，O 型比例最高（46．78％），AB 型比例最低（4．34％），A、B、O 基因频率分别为0．1319、0．1815、0．6866，血型分布符合 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡法则；RhD 阳性比例为99．90％，阴性比例为0．10％，且低于汉族人群；未发现表型为 ccdE、CcdE、CCdee、CCdE、CCDEE 和 ccDee。结论南宁地区壮族人群 ABO 和 Rh 血型分布保留着自身独有的特征，极低的 RhD 阴性比例将给长期反复输血的患者带来严重的输血困难。

Investigation and analysis on ABO and Rh blood groups distribution among Zhuang polulation in Nanning area

Objective To investigate the distribution situation of ABO and Rh blood groups among Zhuang population in Nanning area to guide the scientific voluntary blood donor recruitment and rational storage of blood in this area.Methods 2 052 blood samples from Zhuang population in Nanning area were performed the identification of ABO and Rh blood groups.Whether the gene distributions conforming to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle was assessed by using the Chi-square test.The data was compared with the distribution characteristics in other areas or other minorities.Results The distribution characteristics of ABO blood groups in Nanning area were O > B> A > AB.Blood group O was highest (46.78%)and blood group AB was lowest (4.34%).The gene frequencies of A,B and O were 0.131 9,0.181 5 and 0.686 6,respectively.The blood groups distribution con-formed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium principle;the RhD positive proportion(RhD+ )in Zhuang population was 99.90%,while the RhD negative (RhD- )proportion was 0.10%,which was lower than that in Han population.No phenotypes of ccdE,CcdE, CCdee,CCdE,CCDEE and ccDee were observed in this study.Conclusion The distribution of the ABO and Rh blood groups among Zhuang population in Nanning still maintains their own exclusive characteristics.The extremely low proportion of RhD- will bring about serious difficulties to the patients with long term blood transfusion.