Epstein-Barr virus genome load is increased by therapeutic vaccination in HIV-l carriers, and further enhanced in patients with a history of symptomatic primary infection |
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Authors: | Anna M C Friis Börje Akerlund Katarina Gyllensten Anna Aleman Göran Bratt Eric Sandström Ingemar Ernberg |
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Institution: | Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Box 280, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. |
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Abstract: | ObjectiveEpstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is an established risk factor for B-cell lymphomas in Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infected patients. A disturbed EBV-host relationship is seen in patient groups with a high risk for EBV-associated lymphomas. We have analysed this relationship by measuring EBV-DNA in the blood of HIV-1 carriers.MethodEBV-DNA load in B-cells was monitored by PCR in non- or insufficiently antiretroviral treated and rgp160-vaccinated HIV-patients.ResultsBoth asymptomatic HIV-infected and AIDS-patients showed a 25–40-fold increase in the number of B cell associated EBV-DNA copies compared to healthy controls. Patients included in a vaccine trial with recombinant HIV gp160 showed a 5-fold increase of EBV load compared to non-immunised patients and a 50-fold increase compared to healthy controls. There was no difference whether they received vaccine or “placebo”. Vaccinated patients with a history of symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) had a 280-fold increase in median EBV load compared to healthy controls, thus suggesting a synergistic effect between the vaccination and PHI, which hypothetically could affect lymphoma risk.ConclusionsWe recommend analysis of EBV-load and long term follow up of lymphoma risk in all therapeutic HIV-1 vaccination trials. |
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Keywords: | EBV Epstein–Barr virus HIV Human Immunodeficiency virus PHI history of symptomatic primary HIV-infection |
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