治疗变应性鼻炎对小气道功能的影响

目的　针对伴有小气道功能异常的变应性鼻炎患者，给予正规鼻用糖皮质激素治疗，观察其对小气道功能的影响。方法　筛选具有小气道功能异常的变应性鼻炎患者，给予鼻用糖皮质激素喷鼻治疗12周。治疗前予鼻部症状视觉模拟量表评分及鼻结膜炎相关生活质量问卷评分、肺通气功能检查；治疗后4、8、12周再次评估鼻部症状评分，4、12周时复查肺功能指标，观察肺功能的变化。结果　经过12周治疗，患者主观症状均有显著改善（P <0.01），肺功能指标：第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（FEV1pred%）、第1秒用力呼气容积占肺活量比值（FEV1/FVC%）、最大呼气中段流量占预计值百分比（MMEFpred%）、用力呼出75%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比（MEF75pred%）、用力呼出50%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比（MEF50pred%）、用力呼出25%肺活量的呼气流量占预计值百分比（MEF25pred%）均较治疗前明显提高（P <0.05），其中代表小气道功能的指标MMEFpred%、MEF75pred%、MEF50pred%的改善具有统计学非常显著性差异（P <0.01）。结论　鼻用糖皮质激素治疗小气道损伤的变应性鼻炎患者可以明显改善其小气道功能，这对于预防变应性鼻炎发展为哮喘具有积极的意义。

Effect of treating allergic rhinitis with intranasal corticosteroids on small airway function

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of administration intranasal corticosteroids on small airway disfunction for allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. METHODS AR patients with small airway disfunction were administrated intranasal corticosteroids for twelve weeks. Before treatment, nasal VAS, RQLQ were recorded, pulmonary function test were given. After therapy, VAS, RQLQ were obtained again at the 4th, 8th and 12th week. Pulmonary function test were performed at the 4th and 12th week. RESULTS VAS, RQLQ were all improved after therapy (P <0.01). The indices of FEV1/FVC%, MMEF pred%, MEF75pred%, MEF50pred%, MEF25pred%were also improved significantly (P<0.05), especially for MMEFpred%, MEF75pred%, MEF50pred% (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Small airway lesions can be obviously improved by the intranasal corticosteroids applied for AR. It has positive significance for preventing AR from developing into asthma.