上海市嘉定区2005年被动物伤害人群的流行病学分析

[目的]分析嘉定区2005年被动物伤害人群流行病学特点和狂犬病防制存在的问题,提出狂犬病防制策略。[方法]收集嘉定区2005年犬伤门诊就诊登记和个案调查资料,对被动物伤害个案的流行病学资料进行统计分析。[结果]嘉定区2005年动物伤害发生率为41.05/万。咬伤部位以下肢最多(占49.58%),其次为上肢(占42.27%);10岁以下年龄组被动物伤害发生率最高,被咬伤头面部比例也最高(8.47%)。伤人动物以犬为主,伤人犬免疫率低(29.34%),人被动物伤害后及时就诊率和伤口处理率低。[结论]儿童、少年是被动物咬伤高危人群。大众缺乏狂犬病防范知识,犬的免疫接种率低,人被咬伤后处理不及时,因此,应加强犬、猫等动物管理,提高免疫接种率,开展狂犬病防治知识宣传。

Epidemiological analysis of people bit by animals in 2005 Jiading district Shanghai

[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological situation of people bit by animals in 2005 Jiading district,and to explore the risk factors of human rabies so as to provide evidence for preventive and control measures. [Methods] Data of people bit by animals were collected from rabies preventive clinic and analyzed. [Results] The total rate of bite from animal was(41.05/10000.) The majority site of bite was lower limbs(49.58%) and upper limbs(42.27%).Children under 10 years was the age group most often bit by animals,head and face were the most often site of bite(8.47%) in this age group.Dog was the main attacking animal(88.46%) and its rabies vaccine immune rate was 29.34%.Went to clinic and had wound cleaning for prevention of rabies were mostly not on time. [Conclusion] Children and adolescent are the most frequently exposed group.Factors as low inoculation rate of dogs,delayed treatment and wound cleaning,lack of knowledge of rabies prevention may be important risk factors of human rabies.It is necessary to focus on the abovementioned points to prevent human rabies in Jiading district.