新兵坚韧人格水平现况及影响因素

目的调查我国入伍新兵坚韧人格水平现况,并分析其影响因素。方法 2015年9-10月,便利抽样法选择新兵训练驻地在山东、浙江及上海的入伍新兵690例为研究对象。采用中国成年人坚韧人格量表、军人心理应激自评问卷(psychological stress self-evaluation test,PSET)、一般自我效能感量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)进行问卷调查,并分析其影响因素。结果入伍新兵坚韧人格总均分为(2.82±0.50)分。不同学历、政治面貌的新兵在坚韧人格总分的差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。新兵坚韧人格水平与应激呈负相关(r=-0.398,P0.01),与一般自我效能感及领悟社会支持呈正相关(r=0.539,P0.01;r=0.459,P0.01)。多元回归方程(F=172.989,P=0.001)显示,一般自我效能感、领悟社会支持与应激可影响新兵坚韧人格水平。结论新兵坚韧人格水平与其应激水平、一般自我效能感与领悟社会支持均相关,提示可通过提高新兵一般自我效能感与领悟社会支持、降低其应激水平,从而提高其坚韧人格水平,为制定提升新兵训练效果的措施提供理论依据。

Current Status and Influencing Factors of Hardiness among New Recruits

Objective To investigate the current status of hardiness among new recruits,and identify its influencing factors.Methods By convenience sampling,690 cases were selected and investigated by the Hardiness Scale for Chinese Adults,Psychological Stress Self-Evaluation Test (PSET),General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES),and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS),and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results The total score of hardiness among new re-cruits was (2.82±0.50).There was statistical significance of hardiness score between recruits with different education background and political status (all P <0.01).The hardiness level was negatively correlated with stress(r =-0.398,P<0.01)and positively correlated with general self-efficacy(r =0.539,P <0.01)and perceived social support(r =0.459,P<0.01).The multiple regression equation (F =172.989,P =0.001)showed that the influencing factors were general self-efficacy,perceived social support and stress.Conclusions Stress,general self-efficacy and social support have some effects on hardiness.It indicates that we can improve the hardiness of new recruits by enhancing the level of general self-efficacy and social support and reducing the stress,and providing theorical evidence for improving the training effect of new recruits.