造口患者的应对方式及其影响因素

目的调查造口患者的应对方式,并探讨其影响因素。方法 2013年12月至2014年4月,便利抽样法选取在南京市2所三级甲等综合性医院造口门诊随访的301例造口患者为研究对象,采用一般人口学及疾病相关资料调查表、中文版医学应对问卷、造口患者自我效能量表对其进行测评。结果本组患者面对维度评分为(15.86±4.02)分,回避维度评分为(14.81±2.07)分,屈服维度评分为(9.97±3.49)分;面对维度评分低于常模,屈服维度评分高于常模,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);回避维度评分与常模比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。自我效能感处于低水平的造口患者共92例(30.6%),处于中水平的造口患者共209例(69.4%)。自我效能感和术后时间、并发症、自护程度、年龄等是应对方式的影响因素。结论造口患者的应对方式有其特殊性,护理人员应积极关注患者应对方式,全面评估以确定最佳干预时间点和干预方式,提升患者应对能力。

Coping Style of Patients with Stoma and Its Influencing Factors

Objective To explore the coping style of patients with stoma and its influencing factors.Methods By con-venience sampling,301 cases were selected and investigated by general demographic and relevant disease question-naire,Chinese version of medical coping modes questionnaire (MCMQ)and stoma self-efficacy scale.Results The score of confrontation,avoidance and surrender were (15.86±4.02),(14.81±2.07)and (9.97±3.49),respectively.The score of confronting the situation was lower than norm,and the surrender score was higher than the norm (all P <0.05).There was no statistical significance showed between the score of avoid and the norm (P >0.05).There were 92 cases (30.6%)had low level of self-efficacy,and 209 cases (69.4%)in the moderate level.The influencing factors were the self-efficacy,postoperative time,complications,self-care level and age.Conclusion The coping style of patients with stoma is special,nursing staffs should actively focus on the coping style,comprehensively estimate the optimal time point and method to intervention,in order to improve patients’coping ability.