大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的实验病理学研究

目的　动态观察大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎不同病程的病理学变化。方法　将 4 0只清洁级 5 0的雌性SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组。前者皮下注射地塞米松磷酸钠 ,每周 2次 ,1mg/次 ,共 12周 ;后者皮下注射相同剂量的生理盐水。观察两组大鼠的发病情况并每隔 3周两组各取 5只动物进行病原学、病理学检查。结果　实验组大鼠 5周后开始发病 ,肺印片中可查到卡氏肺孢子虫包囊及滋养体 ,其组织病理学观察可见间质性肺炎随诱导时间存在明显病理学改变。实验组大鼠第 6周主要表现为肺泡壁毛细血管轻度充血 ,间质内慢性炎性细胞浸润 ;第 9至 12周可见间质细胞增生、间质水肿、肺泡内出现粉红色泡沫样渗出物、部分肺组织呈现大片状实变区。对照组大鼠无异常表现 ,病原学检查阴性 ,肺部无明显病理学改变。结论　大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎以炎症、渗出、细胞浸润、间质细胞增生等为主并随病程存在明显病理学改变

Study on the experimental pathology on the rat pneumonia induced by Pneumocystis carin II

To study the pathological changes in the rat pneumonia induced by Pneumocystis carin II (PCP),40 female SD rats of clean grade 50 were randomly divided into experimental and control groups, in which the former was immunosuppressed by subcutaneous injections of dexamethasone twice a week for 12 weeks, and the latter was injected with normal saline. The pathological changes in both groups were observed. The pathological and etiological examinations were then undertaken at 3 weeks intervals. It was found that from the 5th week on, rats in the experimental group developed disease, and the cysts and trophozoites of P.carin were found in the lung imprints of rats. Histologically,there were significant changes with time in the experimental group, including interstitial pneumonia with slight hperemia in the capillaries of alveolar wall and moderate infiltration with lymphocytes at 6th week.In 9 th to 12 th week, proliferation of interstitial cells, interstitial edema,red foamy alveolar exudates were observed. Neither etiologic nor histologic examination were negative in the normal control group. It is concluded that the primary histopathological of P.carin II pneumonia in rats are exudation, infiltration with lymphocytes and proliferation of interstitial cells.