早期系统护理干预防止ICU患者下肢深静脉血栓的效果

目的探讨早期系统护理干预对防止ICU患者下肢深静脉血栓（deepvenousthrombosis，DVT）的临床意义。方法将120例ICU患者按入组顺序随机分为两组，单数为试验组（n=60），双数为对照组（n=60）。试验组给予早期系统护理干预措施，对照组给予ICU常规护理。两组患者每日1次测量下肢周径，并于入住ICU第1，7，14天行彩色多普勒检查测定股静脉血流速度，比较两组股静脉血流速度及DVT发生率。结果干预前两组患者股静脉血流速度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。干预后第7，14天实验组患者股静脉血流峰速度分别为（52．8±9．6），（52．6±8．8）分；股静脉血流平均速度分别为（34．2±6．9），（35．3±7．2）分，均高于对照组患者股静脉血流峰速度（41．3±7．8），（42．5±7．6）分，股静脉血流平均速度（22．5±7．1），（23．7±6．6）分，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（t=2．724，3．125，2．722，3．114；P〈0．05）；DVT发生率试验组低于对照组，差异具有统计学差异（X^2=4．904，P〈0．05）。结论采取早期系统护理干预措施能提高下肢静脉血流速度，有效预防和减少了ICU患者DVT的发生率。

The clinical study of early systematic nursing intervention on the prevention of venous thrombus of low limbs in ICU patients

Objective To explore the clinical meaning of early systematic nursing intervention on the prevention of low limbs venous thrombus in ICU patients.Methods Totals of 120 patients in ICU were randomly divided into two groups by entering order number,odd numbers were experimental group(60 cases)and double numbers were control group(60 cases).Experimental group received early systematic nursing intervention while control group received ICU conventional nursing.All patients were measured the lower limb diameter per day,and were received colour Doppler examination to tested their femoral venous blood velocity in first,seventh and fourteen day of ICU,and their femoral venous blood velocity and incidence of low limbs venous thrombus were compared.Results No difference of femoral venous blood velocity in two groups was founded before intervention (P ＞0.05).After intervention,femoral venous blood peak velocity and average velocity of seventh and fourteen day in experimental group was(52.8 ± 9.6),(52.6 ± 8.8)and(34.2 ± 6.9),(35.3 ± 7.2),respectively,and higher than(41.3 ±7.8),(42.5 ±7.6)and(22.5 ±7.1),(23.7±6.6)in control group,differences between two groups were statistically significant(t =2.724,3.125,2.722,3.114 ;P ＜ 0.05); the incidence of low limbs venous thrombus in experimental group was lower than that of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(x2 =4.904,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Adopting early systematic nursing intervention can improve the femoral venous blood velocity,and effectively prevent and reduce the incidence of low limbs venous thrombus of ICU patients.