患者主导提问式健康教育模式在老年全麻手术患者中应用

目的比较由老年患者主导的提问式健康教育模式和传统的健康教育，对老年患者全麻手术围手术期焦虑及术后疼痛的影响。方法630例非恶性肿瘤需要全麻手术的老年患者，按住院顺序随机分成研究组315例和对照组315例。研究组采用研究小组设计的由老年患者主导提问、干预人员解答的术前综合健康教育；对照组采用传统的术前健康教育。测量两组老年患者的干预前后的焦虑，入手术室时的恐惧、血压及心率、术后疼痛、术后镇痛药的使用次数，以及两组患者对术前健康教育的满意程度，并进行统计学分析。结果健康教育后研究组患者为焦虑评分为（41．12±3．16）分，对照组为（56．43±4．26）分，组间比较差异具有统计学意义（t=4．65，P〈0．01）。研究组患者术后疼痛评分为（6．12±1．35）分，对照组组为（9．76±1．57）分，组间比较差异具有统计学意义（t=6．35，P〈0．05）。观察组患者对健康教育满意度评价为（12．53±1．09）分，对照组为（7．24±1．12）分，组间比较差异具有统计学意义（t=4．78，P〈0．05）。结论由患者主导的提问式健康教育模式有助于缓解全麻患者的术前焦虑和术后疼痛，值得临床研究推广。

Application of the patient-led preoperative comprehensive health education model used in general anesthesia in patients with abdominal effect

Objective To compare the impact on the general anesthesia in patients with surgery preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain between preoperative patient-led integrated health education model and the traditional preoperative health education.Methods 630 cases of abdominal non-cancer patients undergoing general anesthesia,were randomly divided into study group (315 cases) and control group (315 cases).The study Group with research team led by the patient questions designed to interfere with personnel to answer a comprehensive health education in preoperative,the control group using traditional preoperative health education.Measurement in patients with anxiety,the fear of into the operating room,blood pressure,heart rate,pain,the use of the number of postoperative analgesics were compared and analyzed in the two groups before and after intervention.Results Anxiety score in study group was (41.12 ±3.16) and (56.43 ±4.26) in control group after the intervention,and the difference was significant ( t =4.65,P ＜ 0.01 ).Pain score after operation was (6.12 ± 1.35) and (9.76 ± 1.57 ) in control group,and the difference was also statistically significant (t =6.35,P ＜0.05 ).Satisfaction of health education score was (12.53 ± 1.09) in study group and (7.24 ± 1.12 ) in control group and the t value was 4.78,and P value was less than 0.05.Conclusions Comprehensive health education model led by the patient of preoperative was more targeted,could alleviate preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain,and has good effect in traditional preoperative health education.