野战部队战士眼部疾病的调查及随访

目的通过对野战部队战士眼部疾病的调查及随访,获得他们眼部疾病谱及变化情况,探讨其眼部疾患的病因及防治方法。方法以宁夏及北京部分地区野战部队20 320例新兵为研究对象,进行眼部详细检查,得出眼部疾病谱及危险因素,并随访2 a。结果初检中发现不符合军人眼部体检标准的战士706例占3.47%,主要包括视力及色觉不合格、上睑下垂、斜视、角膜疾病、急性葡萄膜炎、外伤性白内障、眼底疾病、青光眼等;眼部有潜在疾病隐患者1 053例(5.18%);先天性白内障908例(4.47%)。2 a后随访发现视力及色觉不合格、结膜炎、外伤性白内障、眼底疾病患病率有所增加,而眩光和青光眼有所减少。行近视矫正术者部分眼部疾病患病率明显高于未行近视矫正术者,2者对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),同时行近视矫正手术战士的视力不合格及眼底疾病较2 a前增多,而干眼症、眩光、青光眼有所减少。结论野战部队眼部体检既可以有效的防治眼部疾患、保障良好身体素质、提高部队的战斗力,也反映出接兵方面的工作质量,并为完善修订入伍眼部体检标准提供参考依据。

Survey of oculopathy in recruits of field troop

Objective To investigate the etiopathogenisis and prevention of oculopathy in recruits of field troop for obtaining the oculopathy spectrum and changes by surveying and following up oculopathy.Methods A total of 20 320 recruits from field troop of Ningxia and part of Beijing were tested by detailed ophthalmological examination,getting the oculopathy spectrum and potential risk factors,and followed up for 2 years.Results The unqualified recruits were 706 cases(3.47%)in the first examination,and the main diseases included unqualified visual acuity and color vision,ptosis,anopsia,disease of cornea,acute uveitis,traumatic cataract,eyeground diseases and glaucoma.About 1 053 cases(5.18%)had latent diseases,and 908 cases(4.47%)had congenital cataract.After following up for 2 years,the morbidity of unqualified visual acuity and color vision,conjunctivitis,traumatic cataract and eyeground diseases increased,but glare and glaucoma decreased;And the case rate of oculopathy among the soldiers who did myoporthosis operation was obviously higher than those didn't take the operation,and there was statistical difference(P<0.05).Oculopathy and unqualified visual acuity among soldiers who did myoporthosis operation were more than those of 2 years ago,but xerophthalmia,glare and glaucoma were less.Conclusion This ophthalmological health examination of field troop is helpful to the prevent and cure oculopathy,ensure better physical quality,raise battle power of troop,reflect our administrative efficiency of recruits,and offer referenced information for the revise of the standard about ophthalmological health examination.