胎儿腹部异常的MRI诊断及评价

目的分析胎儿几种腹部异常的MRI表现,说明MRI在胎儿异常诊断中的重要补充作用。资料与方法对14例(12例经剖腹产或手术病理证实,2例随访观察)的胎儿腹部畸形的MRI表现进行研究。结果14例中5例为脐部畸形,其中3例为脐膨出,2例小型,囊内为大网膜及小肠成分;另1例为巨型,囊内容物为肝脏及肠腔;2例为腹裂,突出物为肠腔结构。2例为肠系膜囊肿,胎儿腹腔内见囊样占位灶,1例直径约5cm,另1例巨大,直径约10cm。1例为先天性肛门闭锁,MRI表现为全肠腔明显扩张。1例先天性巨结肠,以直肠扩张为主的肠腔扩张。1例为先天性十二指肠闭锁,MRI表现为胃泡明显扩张,胃泡右侧、肝脏下缘见囊样信号灶,呈双泡征表现。1例为环状胰腺、异位胰腺,MRI表现为十二指肠扩张,呈不全性梗阻改变。1例为肝脏囊肿,MRI表现为肝右叶前段包膜下囊性病灶,大小约3.1cm×2.7cm×2.4cm。1例为双肾轻度积水,MRI见双侧肾盂稍饱满,肾盏略增宽。1例为左侧膈疝,MRI见左侧胸腔内正常肺组织消失,呈混杂肠腔信号。结论MRI作为产科胎儿超声检查的一种重要补充方法,对病变多方位的显示具有较高价值,对临床诊断及治疗有重要意义。

The MRI Diagnosis of Fetus Abdominal Abnormalities

Objective To discuss the important complementary role of MRI in the diagnosis of the fetal abnormalities by analyzing MR features of several abdominal abnormalities.Materials and Methods The MRI findings in 14 fetus abdominal abnormalities (12 cases with pathologically proved, 2 cases with follow up observed) were retrospectively analyzed.Results 3 cases were omphalocele, 2 were small type with the omentum and small bowel out of the abdominal wall, 1 was a huge defect of the abdominal wall with liver and bowel in the sac. 2 cases were gastroschisis with bowel out of the abdomen. 2 cases were mesenteric cyst with huge cystic mass in the abdomen. 1 case was anus atresia with dilated bowels full of abdomen. 1 case was giant colon with rectum dilated. 1 case was congenital duodenum atresia. 1 case was annular pancreas,heterotopic pancreas with duodenum dilated. 1 case was hepatic cyst. 1 case was bilateral hydronephrosis. 1 case was left diaphragm hernia.Conclusion MRI is of great value in displaying and dignosing the abnormalities of fetus as a complementary method.