多指(趾)畸形的流行病学分析

目的 了解我国围产儿多指(趾)畸形的流行病学特征。方法 中国出生缺陷监测网采用以医院为基础的监测方法，于1996～2000年在全国31省(市、区)监测医院内对孕满28周至产后7d的围产儿进行出生缺陷调查。结果 在2218616例围产儿中，共检出多指(趾)2097例，全国平均发生率为9．45／万；城、乡发生率分别为9．60／万和9．05／万；男、女发生率分别为10．99／万和7．48／万。年度发生率呈逐年上升趋势。多指(趾)畸形患儿单发者占88.4％，11．6％合并有其他畸形。畸形发生在肢体左侧占34．96％，右侧占45．62％，双侧同时发生占19．41％。多指(趾)患儿围产期病死率为8．17％，其中单发为2．72％，多发为49．38％。结论 我国围产儿多指(趾)畸形男性多于女性，地区差异明显；多指(趾)以单发形式为主，多发畸形患儿病死率高。

Epidemiological Analysis of Polydactylies in Chinese Perinatals

Objective To investigate the epidemiologyical characteristics of polydactyly. Methods The method of Hospital-based surveillance within Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network (CBDMN) was adopted. All perinatals (from 28 weeks of gestation to a period of 7 days after birth) in the participating hospitals were investigated from 1996 to 2000. Results A total of 2097 cases were identified in 2 218 616 perinates, the prevalence was 9.45 per 10 000. The prevalence of male was significantly higher than the female's. The urban prevalence was 9.60 per 10 000, and the rural prevalence was 9.05 per 10 000. Significant difference and increasing time trend were observed in annual prevalence rate during 1996-2000. Of the 2097 cases, 1853(88 4%) were in the isolated form, and the rest (11.6%) of them were combined with other defects. Among 1942 perinatals affected by polydactyly, 679(34.96%) cases occurred in the left limbs, 886(45.62%) cases occurred in the right limbs, and 377(19.41%) cases occurred bilaterally. Conclusion The prevalence rates of polydactylies in Chinese perinatals show male predominance and geographic variations. Most of the polydactyly cases were in the from of single defect; however, those accompanied by other defects had a higher perinatal fatality rate.