单纯高胆固醇或其合并玉米油饮食建立兔动脉粥样硬化模型的比较

 目的：比较单纯胆固醇饮食与胆固醇合并玉米油饮食用于建立兔动脉粥样硬化模型的可靠性及其所形成斑块面积的大小，为兔动脉粥样硬化模型的建立方法提供基本数据。方法：新西兰兔18只，随机分为3组（每组6只），即普通饲料组（C组）、单纯高胆固醇饲料组（H1组）和高胆固醇玉米油饲料组（H2组）。实验开始前至第12周，每周末称动物体重。分别于实验开始前、第12周末时检测血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG) 浓度。12周末将动物麻醉后，从主动脉根部起取胸主动脉8 cm行脂肪染色，观察是否存在动脉粥样硬化斑块，并测定斑块面积（PA）占主动脉内膜面积（IA）百分比（PA/IA）。结果：实验第12周末，H1组和H2组的HDL-C、LDL-C和TC水平均高于C组（P<0.05），H2组TG高于C组（P<0.05）；H2组HDL-C水平高于H1组（P<0.05），但2组间LDL-C、TC及TG水平无显著差异（P>0.05）。C组无动脉粥样硬化斑块形成，H1组和H2组兔均有动脉粥样硬化斑块，造模成功率为100%。H1组及H2组PA/IA分别为（49.74±18.78）%和（56.95±26.74）%，2组间无显著差异（P>0.05），但与C组相比均有显著差异（P<0.05）。结论：单纯高胆固醇饮食或高胆固醇加玉米油饮食均能成功建立兔动脉粥样硬化模型，饲养12周的建模成功率均为100%，且2种方法对形成斑块的面积无明显影响。

High-cholesterol diet with or without corn oil for establishing atherosclerotic model in rabbits

AIM：To compare the reliability and plaque area between using high-cholesterol diet and high-cholesterol diet with corn oil to establish a rabbit atherosclerotic model. METHODS：Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (6 rabbits each): normal diet group (group C), high-cholesterol diet group (group H1) and high-cholesterol diet containing 6% corn oil group (group H2). All rabbits were fed for 12 weeks, and their body mea-sured was weighed at the end of every weeks. The serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were measured by automatic chemistry analyzer at 0 week and 12 weeks. At the end of 12 weeks, the thoracic aorta of 8-cm length since aortic root was isolated from the rabbit after anesthesia, and stained with Sudan IV or oil red O to verify the existence of plaque. The percentage of plaque area (PA/IA) in the intima area was further calculated by ImageJ2x software. RESULTS：At the end of 12-week feeding, the serum levels of HDL-C, LDL-C and TC in both group H1 and group H2 were significantly higher than those in group C, and serum TG in group H2 was significantly higher than that in group C. Serum HDL-C in group H2 was significantly higher than that in group H1, but no significant difference of serum LDL-C, TC and TG between group H1 and group H2 was found. There was no plaque in the intima in group C, and plaques were observed in the intima of all rabbits in group H1 and group H2. Rabbit atherosclerotic models in both group H1 and group H2 were established with a success rate of 100%. The values of PA/IA in group H1 ［(49.74±18.78)%］ and group H2 ［(56.95±26.74)%］ were both significantly higher than that in group C (0%), and no significant difference of PA/IA between group H1 and group H2 was observed. CONCLUSION：High-cholesterol diet with or without corn oil can establish a rabbit atherosclerotic model with a success rate of 100% after 12-week feeding, and the percentage of plaque area in the total aortic intimal area is not different in the 2 feeding methods.