湖南华容县废弃集成垸血吸虫病现状

目的 调查集成废弃垸滞留人群血吸虫病感染情况，提出防控对策控制疫情。 方法 1.人文现状调查：滞留人、畜数量和居住环境，生产、生活方式和经济来源。2.螺情常规调查：钉螺分布、钉螺感染率与感染螺密度。3.病情调查与治疗 感染期后(即退水1月)用Kato-Katz直接进行人群粪检，用顶管孵化法进行牛群粪检，同时给予吡喹酮进行人畜化疗。3.对所有滞留人员进行血防健康教育,登记造册,定期回访。 结果 1.滞留人员现状：滞留人员主要为以前老居民。分散居住在沿大堤和老集镇原有未拆房屋，饮用水及生活用水均为江水，厕所为自搭茅坑，主要靠养牛羊和渔业为生。2.钉螺主要分布在沿堤与长江相通的垸内外，活螺平均密度为1.12只/0.11m2，钉螺阳性率为3.57%，人群感染率为20.6%，牛群阳性率为42%。 结论 集成废弃垸人畜感染率高，应改善废弃垸的卫生条件，加强人畜血吸虫病的查治力度和健康教育，联合林业，卫生等多个部门，减少传染源，控制血吸虫病的传播。

Investigation on endemic situation of schistosomiasis in an abandoned embankment,Huarong County,Hunan Province

Objective To investigate the current endemic situation of schistosomiasis at the abandoned Jicheng embankment, and make out control measures. Methods The number and living style of residents and livestock stranded at the abandoned Jicheng embankment were investigated. Snail survey was carried out twice before and after the flood season, and the infection of residents and bovine was detected by stool examination after the flood season. Results The majority of the residents stranded at Jicheng embankment were the original people, who lived in old houses scattered along the dike, drank and used river water, used non-sanitary toilets and lived by animal husbandry and fishing. Snails mainly distributed along the embankment of the Yangtze River, the density of living snails was 1.12/0.11 m2, and the infection rate of snail was 3.57%. The infection rates of residents and bovine were 20.6% and 42%, respectively. Conclusion The higher infection rate of residents and bovine suggested that the comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures with emphasis on infectious sources control should be implemented at Jicheng embankment.