2012 年安徽贵池区晚期血吸虫病人分布与救治情况分析

目的 分析2012年贵池区晚期血吸虫病人分布现状，评价救治效果。 方法 依据省、市专家组审核确定的晚血患者名单，收集近年来，尤其是2012年晚血病人救治信息，填写统一的《晚血个案基本情况及医疗救治情况调查表》，进行分析。 结果 全区现有晚血病人575例，性别比1.22， 55岁以上者占83.83%，小学文化程度以下者占89.2%，农民占92.7%。腹水型居多，占64.35%，脾切除者占32.9%，且术后生存平均时间达19年。三、四类流行村占77.92%，湖沼地区占60%。首诊血吸虫病平均年龄为22.7岁，首诊晚血平均年龄55.1岁。晚血合并HBV感染者占12.87%。患者病原治疗率达98.61%，救治好转率达97.1%，死亡10例，其中因上消化道出血、肝昏迷等并发症死亡占70%。 结论 晚血患者主要分布于重疫区，农民多，老龄患者多，接受教育程度普遍较低，病程较长，救治效果显著。

Analysis of the distribution and treatment of patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Guichi district in 2012

Objective To analyze the distribution of advanced schistosomiasis and evaluate the therapeutic effect in Guichi district in 2012. Methods According to the list of patients with advanced schistosomiasis determined by the provincial and municipal experts, the information about the therapeutic effect was collected and analyzed in 2012. Results Among 575 alive advanced schistosomiasis patients, the sex ratio of male and female was 1.22:1, 83.83% of the patients were older than 55 years old, 89.2% were primary school education degree, and 92.7% were farmers. 64.35% of the patients with ascites, and 32.9% with splenectomised. The average survival time after operation was 19 years. 77.92% of the patients were living in the villages which had reached transmission interruption, and 60% were from Lake endemic areas. The average age of the patients who were diagnosed firstly as schistosomiasis and advanced schistosomiasis was 22.7 and 55.1 years old, respectively. 12.87% of the patients were complicated with HBV infection. 98.61% of the patients accepted the antischistosoma therapy. 97.1% of the patients got better after treatment. 10 cases died, and 70% of them died from upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, hepatic coma and other complications. Conclusion The patients with advanced schistosomiasis were mainly distributed in heavy endemic areas, and most of the them were farmers, old ages, lower education degree, long course of disease, and the therapeutic effect was obvious.