2008~2012年重庆市璧山县制鞋业的职业卫生现状

目的评估重庆市璧山县制鞋企业职业卫生现况，提出监管建议。方法对制鞋企业劳动者近5年参加职业健康检查的结果进行统计，并对相关企业的作业场所空气中苯及苯系物检测数据进行分析。结果制鞋业劳动者职业健康整体状况不佳，2008年劳动者职业健康检查合格率最高，为83．99％；2012年合格率最低，为75．04％。劳动者职业健康检查以上岗前和在岗期间检查为主，离岗时检查几乎为零。作业场所中职业病危害因素（苯及其苯系物）检测合格率均不高，主要为苯超标。2012年检测合格率最高（61．70％），2010年检测合格率最低（17．81％）。结论该县制鞋业职业病防治形势严峻，职业病危害因素控制不力，应着力提高作业场所的职业卫生防护水平。

Current situation of occupational health in footwear industry in Bishan County of Chongqing from 2008-2012

[ Objective ] To assess the current situation of occupational health in footwear enterprises in Bishan County of Chongqing, put forward the suggestions of supervision. [ Methods ] The occupational health examination results of employees in footwear enter- prises in recent 5 years were studies statistically, while the detected data of benzene and benzene series in workplaces were ana- lyzed. [ Results ] The overall situation of occupational health among employees in footwear enterprises was not good. The qualified rate of occupational health examination in workers in 2008 was the highest （ 83. 99% ） , while that in 2012 was the lowest （ 75.04% ）. The employees mainly received the occupational health examination before starting their work and during on the job, and the examination had scarcely conducted before demission. The qualified rates of occupational hazard factors （ benzene and ben- zene series} in workplaces were low, which mainly benzene exceeded the standard. The qualified rate of detection in 2012 was the highest （61.70%）, while that in 2010 was the lowest （ 17.81% ）. [ Conclusion] The occupational disease prevention and control in footwear industry in Bishan County faces a grim situation, and the occupational hazard factors have not been controlled effective- ly. It is urgent to improve the level of occupational health protection in workplace.