在航渔民烟酒嗜好与相关疾病

目的:探讨20～50岁渔民吸烟和饮酒嗜好与相关疾病的关系。方法:调查54例20～50岁渔民既往疾病史、进行体格检查,并采用Russell吸烟原因问卷、酒精依赖性疾患识别测验问卷AUDIT-I和AUDIT-Ⅱ进行检测,对所患的疾病、吸烟饮酒的数量和问卷结果进行统计学分析。结果:渔民组吸烟和饮酒的比率、年限、消费的数量及对烟酒的依赖远较对照组高(P<0.01～0.001);高血压、肝炎的发生率较对照组明显增高(P<0.02～0.0001)。患肝肿大、溃疡与吸烟之间,及患肝炎、肝硬化、肥胖、溃疡病与饮酒间呈明显相关(P<0.05～0.01)。结论:渔民是吸烟饮酒群体,吸烟饮酒相关疾病的发生率明显增高。普及医学、心理卫生知识是纠正其烟酒嗜好的有效方法。

Primary investigation of the relationship between somatic disease and smoking & alcohol drinking in fishermen on sailing

Objective:To explore the relationship between somatic disease and smoking & alcohol drinking in fishermen with an age from 20～50 years old. Methods:Medical history investigations and physical examinations were made in 54 fishermen with an age from 20～50 years old. They went through a test battery of Russell's Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-Ⅰ ) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Clinical Investigation Questionnaire (AUDIT-Ⅱ ). Then, statistical analyses were made on the psychosomatic disease, smoking & alcohol drinking and results of questionnair in fishermen. Results:For the fishermen group, the percentage of smoking and alcohol drinking, duration and the number of cigarettes and the amount of alcohol consumption and the degree of dependence on smoking & alcohol drinking were obviously much higher than those of the control group (P<0.01～0.001). The incidence of hypertension and hepatitis were also much higher than that of the control group(P<0.02～0.0001 ). Research shows that diseases such as, hepatomegalia and ulcer are closely correlated with smoking, whereas hepatitis, liver cirrhotic, obesity and ulcer are obviously correlated with alcohol drinking(P<0.05～0.001). Conclusions:Smoking & alcohol drinking is a hobby among fishermen, owing to professional reason, of whom the incidence of diseases closely related with smoking & alcohol drinking increases significantly. It is effecttive measures to propagate knowledge of medical sciences and psychohygiene among fishermen, for correcting their bad hobbies.