皖南农村艾滋病流行区高三学生艾滋病歧视及其影响因素研究

目的了解艾滋病流行区高中毕业生艾滋病知识和态度情况,探索对艾滋病病人和感染者歧视的影响因素。方法选取安徽省郎溪县高中毕业班学生767人进行问卷调查。结果高三男生艾滋病知识知晓率高于女生(z=4.25,P<0.01),但男、女生有关艾滋病歧视得分差异无统计学意义;Logistic逐步回归分析显示:“游泳、洗澡是否传播艾滋病”知识与艾滋病歧视中躲避表现有关;“通过面对面谈话是否传播艾滋病”知晓率和“是否觉得处于艾滋病危险中”的感觉与艾滋病歧视中指责表现有关;“通过游泳、洗澡是否可传播艾滋病”、“是否通过共用毛巾、衣物传播艾滋病”和“是否通过怀孕期间母婴传播”等知晓率与艾滋病歧视中社会拒绝表现有关;“是否通过握手传播艾滋病”、“是否通过共餐传播艾滋病”和“是否通过血液或血制品传播艾滋病”等知晓率与艾滋病歧视中羞耻表现有关。结论加强对艾滋病流行区农村中学生教育,消除艾滋病认识的误区,可能减少对艾滋病的歧视。

Discrimination of AIDS and the Influencing Factors Among Senior High School Student in AIDS Epidemic Rural Area

Objective To study the knowledge and attitude towards the AIDS among the senior students of senior high schools in AIDS epidemic rural areas, and to explore the influencing factors to discrimination to AIDS patients and HIV infectors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 767 senior students of senior high school in AIDS epidemic rural area of Langxi county, Anhui province. Results The knowledge rate of the male students was significantly higher than the female students(z=4.25,P<0.01), but there was no significant difference of discrimination score between male and female students. The logistic regression stepwise analysis indicated that: the knowledge of whether HIV transmitted by swimming was associated with the avoidance of the discrimination of AIDS/HIV; the knowledge of whether talking with HIV infectors can infect HIV and whether feeling themselves exposure in the danger of AIDS/HIV were associated with the abuse of discrimination on AIDS/HIV; The knowledge of whether swimming or sharing the towel and clothing with AIDS/HIV infectors and whether the HIV can transmit from mother to infant during the pregnancy were associated with social rejection of discrimination against AIDS/HIV; The knowledge of whether shaking hands,dinning with AIDS/HIV infectors and whether the blood and plasma derivates can transmit HIV were associated with the shame of discrimination against AIDS/HIV. ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen the health education and eliminate the false information of AIDS/HIV can decrease the discrimination against AIDS patients.