细胞色素P450和医学

细胞色素P450(CYP,P450)是一个血红蛋白家族的通用名称.这是一个非常巨大、种类丰富的酶家族,广泛存在于进化谱系所有生物体中(从细菌到人).已经发现和命名的不同CYP蛋白超过11500个(截止至2009年2月),但只有少数进行了详细研究.该家族参与到生命进程中众多的新陈代谢反应,包括羟基化、N-,O-,和S-脱烷基化、磺化氧化、环氧化、脱氨、脱硫、脱卤、过氧化和N-氧化还原作用.本文介绍了细胞色素P450的研究历史、结构、命名法、分类及功能.人类和动物细胞色素P450酶类与诸多疾病相关,尤其是肝病和癌症.三个细胞色素P450基因家族(CYP 1,CYP2和CYP3)似乎参与大量抗生素代谢反应.人们正在深入研究CYP450的功能,为不久的将来能战胜肝病、癌症和其他疾病提供可能性.

Cytochrome P450 and iatrology

Cytochrome P450 (CYP, P450) is a generic name of a family of hemethiolate proteins. It is a very large and diverse group of enzymes found in all organisms in the evolutionary spectrum (from bacteria to humans). More than 11500 distinct CYP proteins are known and named (as of February 2009), but only few have been studied in detail. The family is concerned with many metabolisms in life processes, involving in reactions as diverse as hydroxylation, N-, O-, and S-dealkylation, sulfoxidation, epoxidation, deamination, desulfuration, dehalogenation, peroxidation, and N-oxide reduction. This review introduces the research history, structure, nomination and classification of cytochrome P450. Human and animal CYPs were found to associate with many diseases, especially involved in liver disease and cancers. Three cytochrome P450 gene families (CYP1, CYP2 and CYP3) appear to be responsible for much of the antibiotics metabolism that takes place. People are studying further on the function of CYP450, which provides promise that human beings can overcome some liver diseases, cancers and other diseases in the near future.