南疆少数民族贫困大学生心理健康状况与应对方式研究

目的了解少数民族贫困大学生心理健康状况和应对方式之间的关系,提出优化心理健康的策略。方法运用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和应对方式量表对167名少数民族地区的高校贫困生进行调查。结果 （1）通过症状自评量表发现,除了躯体化和精神病性因子外,在强迫（P〈0.01）、人际敏感（P〈0.001）、抑郁（P〈0.01）、焦虑（P〈0.01）、敌对（P〈0.01）、恐怖（P〈0.05）和偏执（P〈0.05）各因子以及总分（P〈0.01）上少数民族贫困大学生与非贫困大学生之间存在显著性差异。（2）不同的应对方式和心理健康水平之间密切相关,其中解决问题、求助、幻想和逃避可以有效预测心理健康状况（均P〈0.001）。结论引导积极性的应对方式有益于少数民族贫困生的心理健康。

The psychological well-being of ethnic minorities college students in poverty from Southern Xinjiang and the ways they take in countering mental problems

Objective Our study was intended to understand the correlation of counter measures to the state of mental wellbeing of ethnic minorities college students in poverty from southern Xinjiang, and therefore formulate a scientific strategy for the students to deal with mental health problems. Method Symptom Checklist-90（ SCL- 90） and coping style questionnaire were employed and 167 targeted students were selected as subjects to answer the survey questions. Findings （ 1 ） The data obtained by using the symptom checklist indicated that there was a significant difference between the students out of poverty and the students in poverty in in-force（ P 〈 0.01 ）, interpersonal sensitivity（ P 〈 0. 001 ）, depression（ P 〈 0.01 ）, anxiety （ P 〈 0.01 ） , hostility（ P 〈 0. 01 ） , the terrorist（ P 〈 0. 05 ） and paranoid（ P 〈 0. 05 ） and total score（ P 〈 0.01 ） , except for somatization and psychosis factor. （2） Coping styles and degree of mental well-being are closely correlated, where problem-solving, appealing to help, fantasy and evasion can effectively predict mental health status （ P 〈 0. 001 ）.Conclusion Helping students in poverty to develop a positive coping style can enable them to deal with the mental health problems they encounter successfully.