某海洋采油平台作业工人职业紧张反应状况

目的]了解海洋采油平台作业工人的职业紧张水平及职业紧张反应的特征，分析其职业紧张反应的影响因素。方法]于2012年9月采取整群抽样的方法抽取海洋采油平台的所有在班工作的134名男性工人作为观察组，167名非海上平台作业的男性油田工人作为对照组。运用职业紧张量表修订版（OSI—R）进行调查。结果]海洋采油平台作业人员的职业紧张及职业紧张反应得分均高于对照组，应对资源得分低于对照组，由自然环境引起的职业紧张评分均值（33．18）以及心理紧张反应评分均值（27．50）均高于参比人群。海洋采油平台作业工人职业紧张反应水平受职业紧张及应对资源的影响，职业紧张可增加职业紧张反应，应对资源可降低职业紧张反应。职业紧张中的角色界限不清、任务不足及自然环境，个人应对资源中的自我保健，个体特征中的学历是影响职业紧张反应水平的主要因素。结论]海洋采油平台作业工人具有较高的职业紧张反应水平，应结合职业紧张反应水平的影响因素有针对性地对平台作业工人开展健康促进工作。

Occupational Stress Status among Offshore Oil Workers

Objective ] To investigate the levels and characteristics of occupational stress among offshore oil workers and analyze the main impact factors. Methods ] A group of 134 offshore male oil workers （observation group） and 167 land-based male oil workers （control group） were enrolled by cluster sampling in September, 2012. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the workers with the Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition （OSI-R）. Results ] The total scores of occupational stress and occupational stress reaction of the offshore oil workers were higher than those of the control group, and the score of personal resources was lower. The scores of occupational stress caused by physical environment and psychological stress reaction were 33.18 and 27.5, respectively, obviously higher than those of the control group. The offshore oil workers＇ occupational stress reaction was positively related to occupational stress and negatively related to personal resources. The main impact factors included role boundary, role insufficiency, physical environment, self-care, and education background. Conclusion ] Offshore oil workers suffer from a high degree of occupational stress. Therefore, the impact factors of occupational stress should be considered in future health promotion.