骨髓间质干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤神经功能恢复的影响

目的：观察成人骨髓间质干细胞（hBMSCs)移植对大鼠脊髓损伤神经功能恢复的影响.方法：Wistar大鼠90只，随机分为脊髓半切＋hBMSCs组、脊髓半切＋PBS组、单纯脊髓半切组和假手术组。脊髓半切＋hBMSCs组和PBS组又分别分为头侧注射、尾侧注射和头尾两侧注射三个亚组。移植后1、7、14、21、28d观察大鼠神经功能恢复情况，应用免疫组化和免疫荧光技术检测BrdU标记hBMSCs的胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和神经元特异性核蛋白（NeuN)表达情况。结果：大鼠脊髓半切损害后，hBMSCs组动物较PBS组死亡率下降并有明显的神经功能恢复。移植的hBMSCs 在宿主脊髓中存活，从第7天开始即有NeuN和GFAP表达并向损伤部位及对侧迁移，第28天hBMSCs来源GFAP阳性细胞可见明显的树突生长。结论：hBMSCs可在宿主损伤脊髓中存活、向损伤部位迁移并向神经元和星形胶质细胞分化，并促进神经功能恢复，降低死亡率，成人骨髓间质干细胞作为一种独特的干细胞来源用于治疗脊髓损伤可能具有非常重要的价值。

Improving functional outcome following bone marrow mesen-chymal stem cells transplantation to injured spinal cord in rats

Objective To observe the affection to neurological functional recovery of transplantation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) to injuried spinal cord in adult rats.Methods Ninety adult Wistar rats were used and randomly divided into four groups:(1) left spinal cord hemisection and transplantation of hBMSCs; (2) left spinal cord hemisection with injection of phosphate buffered saline; (3) left spinal cord hemisection alone; (4) sham operation.Animals in group (1) and (2) are redivided respectively into three sub groups: hBMSCs were injected rostrally, caudally, or rostrally and caudally to the hemisection. Functional outcome measurements were performed using the modified Tarlov score at 1,7, 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation,spinal cord tissue was prepared for immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining to detect whether the BrdU labeled hBMSCs express the astrocytic marker GFAP (glial fibriliary acidic protein) or the neuron marker NeuN(neuronal nuclei). Results An obvious decrease of mortality and a statistically significant improvement in neurological function outcome was noted in rats of hBMSCs transplantation group at every time piont. Transplanted hBMSCs survived. From the seventh day on, they were found having migrated to the injury site, even to the contralateral side, some of the BrdU labeled cells were reactive for NeuN or GFAP. On the twenty eighth day, obvious dendrite growth was noted in GFAP reactive hBMSCs.Conclusions Transplantation of hBMSCs following spinal cord injury may improve neurological outcome and decrease the mortality.The transplanted hBMSCs survive, migrate to the injury site and differentiate into neurons and astrocytes. Therefore,as a unique source of stem cells, hBMSCs may play a great role on the spinal cord injury treatment.