西印度醋栗对四氯化碳引起的大鼠和小鼠急性过氧化肝损伤的保护作用

目的：证实西印度醋栗（Phyllanthus acidus（L.）Skeels）的果实在传统医学中作为保肝药使用的药用用途。方法：连续5d分别给予各组大鼠西印度醋栗果实的70%乙醇提取物（100,200和400mg/kg口服）及对照药水飞蓟素（100mg/kg口服）并于第2天及第3天皮下注射四氯化碳（2mL/kg）。测定血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate transaminase,AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine transaminase,ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）、总胆红素以及总蛋白并进行肝脏组织病理学检测。检测大鼠肝组织匀浆中的氧化应激标记物如脂质过氧化反应（lipid peroxidation,LPO）、还原型谷胱甘肽（reduced glutathione,GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GPx）以衡量西印度醋栗的体外抗氧化作用。此外,本实验还记录了伊维巴诱导的给药后小鼠睡眠时间,使用2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil,DPPH）法测定小鼠服药后的自由基清除率。结果：与对照组相比,西印度醋栗果实的乙醇提取物及水飞蓟素均显著降低了模型大鼠血清AST、ALT和ALP水平及LPO并升高了TP、GSH、SOD、CAT和GPx的水平（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。大鼠肝脏组织的组织病理学切片结果也证实了以上实验结果。在小鼠实验中,与对照组相比,西印度醋栗果实的乙醇提取物显著缩短了伊维巴诱导的小鼠睡眠时间（P〈0.01）,并具有较高的DPPH清除率。结论：本研究的实验结果证实了西印度醋栗果实对四氯化碳引起的大鼠急性过氧化肝损伤的保护作用,机制可能与其抗氧化作用及自由基清除功能有关

Effects of Phyllanthus acidus(L.)Skeels fruit on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute oxidative damage in livers of rats and mice

objective:The present study was undertaken with a view to validate the traditional use of Phyllanthus acidus(L.)Skeels fruit as a hepaloprotective agent.Methods:The 70%ethanolic extract of P.acidus fruit(100,200 and 400 mg/kg,p.o.),and reference drug silymarin(100 mg/kg,p.o.)were given to rats of different groups respectively once a day for 5 d and the carbon letrachloride(CCl4)(2 mL/kg,subcutaneously)was given on days 2 and 3.Serum levels of aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),lotaI bilirubin(TB)and lotal protein(TP)were assessed along with liver histopathological examination.The effects on oxidative stress markers such as lipid peroxidation(LPO),reduced glutathione(GSH),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)were also assessed in liver tissue homogenate to evaluate in vivo antioxidant activity.In addilion,the effects on hexobarbitone-induced sleeping time were observed and the free radical-scavenging potential was determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil(DPPH)in mice.Results:P.acidus extracts and silymarin exhibited a significant hepatoprotective effect as evident from the decreases of serum AST,ALT and ALP levels and LPO and increases in the levels of TP,GSH,SOD,CAT,and GPx compared with control group(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).The biochemical results were supplemented with results of histopathological sections of the liver tissues.P.acidus extracts considerably shortened the duration of hexobarbilone-induced sleeping time in mice compared with control group(P＜0.01)and showed remarkable DPPH-scavenging activity.Conclusion:The present findings suggest that the hepatoprotective effect of P.acidus against CCl4-induced oxidative damage may be related to its antioxidant and free radical-scavenging potentials.