Smad2和Smad4蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的：研究细胞信号传导分子Smad2和Smad4蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达，阐明其与乳腺癌发生发展的关系及意义。方法：选取53例乳腺导管癌和50例癌周正常组织标本，应用免疫组织化学SP法检测乳腺癌组织和癌周正常组织中Smad2和Smad4蛋白的表达水平，并评估二者的表达与乳腺癌临床病理参数间的关系。结果：乳腺癌组织中Smad2蛋白表达水平明显高于癌周正常组织（Z=-2.08，P < 0.05）；乳腺癌组织中Smad4蛋白表达水平明显低于癌周正常组织（Z=-5.01，P < 0.01）。乳腺癌组织中Smad2和Smad4蛋白的阳性表达率与患者年龄无关（r=0.035，P > 0.05；r=-0.077，P > 0.05），与肿瘤大小无关（r= 0.128，P > 0.05；r=0.133，P > 0.05），与淋巴结转移无关（r=0.163，P > 0.05；r=0.006，P > 0.05），与是否有远处转移无关（r=0.113，P > 0.05；r=0.126，P > 0.05），与ER的表达无关（r=0.056，P > 0.05；r=0.047，P > 0.05），与PR的表达无关（r=0.129，P > 0.05；r=0.107，P > 0.05）；但与HER2的阳性表达率呈负相关关系（r=-0.388，P < 0.01；r=-0.360，P < 0.01），与乳腺癌病理分级呈负相关关系（r=-0.331，P < 0.05；r=-0.388，P < 0.01）；乳腺癌组织中Smad2与Smad4的表达呈正相关关系（r= 0.830，P < 0.01）。结论：Smad2和Smad4蛋白在乳腺癌的发生发展过程中起重要作用，可能成为评估乳腺癌恶性程度及预后的重要生物学指标。

Expressions of Smad2 and Smad4 proteins in breast carcinoma tissue and significances

Objective:To investigate the expressions of Smad2 and Smad4 in breast carcinoma tissue,and to analyze their relationships with oncogenesis and development of breast carcinoma and significances.Methods:Fifty-three samples of breast ductal carcinoma tissue and 50 samples of surrounding normal tissue were selected.The expression levels of Smad2 and Smad4 in cancer tissue and surrounding normal tissue were detected with immunohistochemical S-P method,and the relationships between the expression levels of Smad2 and Smad4 and the clinicopathologic parameters of breast carcinoma were evaluated.Results:The expression level of Smad2 protein in the breast carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the surrounding normal tissue (z = - 2.08,P <0.05);the expression level of Smad4 protein in breast carcinoma tissue was lower than that in the surrounding normal tissue (z= - 5.01,P < 0.01).In breast carcinoma tissue,the Smad2 and Smad4 expressions were not significantly correlated with age (r=0.035,P >0.05;r=-0.077,P >0.05),tumor size (r= 0.128,P >0.05;r=0.133,P >0.05),lymph node invasion (r =0.163,P >0.05;r =0.006 P >0.05),distant metastasis (r =0.113,P >0.05;r = 0.126,P > 0.05),ER expression (r = 0.056,P > 0.05;r = 0.047,P > 0.05) and PR expression (r=0.129,P >0.05;r=0.107,P >0.05).However,the expression levels of Smad2 and Smad4 were negatively correlated with the expression of HER2 (r = - 0.388,P < 0.01;r = - 0.360,P < 0.01 ) and pathological grade (r = - 0.331,P < 0.05;r = - 0.388,P < 0.01 ).The expression of Smad2 was positively correlated to the expression of Smad4 in breast carcinoma (r=-0.83,P <0.01).Conclusion:The expressions of Smad2 and Smad4 may play an important role in the development of breast carcinoma,and they may be used as the potential biological markers for evaluating the degree of malignancy and prognosis of breast carcinoma.