沙蓬粗寡糖对糖尿病GK大鼠一般表征和糖脂代谢的改善作用

目的：观察沙蓬粗寡糖（AOS）对糖尿病GK大鼠一般表征、血糖、血脂和胰岛素敏感性的影响，探讨AOS治疗2型糖尿病的疗效。方法：将60只2型糖尿病GK大鼠随机分为模型对照组（MC组）、格列苯脲组（GLB组）、二甲双胍组（ME组）及低（AOS-L组）、中（AOS-M组）和高剂量（AOS-H组）沙蓬粗寡糖组，每组10只，并以同源Wistar大鼠作为正常对照组（NC组）（n=10）。各组大鼠均灌胃给药8周，每周检测大鼠体质量、进食量和饮水量1次；每2周采用血糖仪检测随机血糖水平1次，给药8周后测定糖耐量和糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）水平；8周结束时测量大鼠血清中空腹血糖（FPG）、胰岛素（FINS）、糖化血清蛋白（GSP）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平，计算胰岛素敏感指数（IAI）。结果：各给药组大鼠一般状态较MC组有明显改善；与MC组比较，各给药组大鼠摄食量及饮水量有一定程度降低，其中AOS-M和AOS-H组与GLB组、ME组大鼠摄食量相近，而各剂量AOS组大鼠饮水量降低程度低于ME组和GLB组。与MC组比较，各剂量AOS组大鼠随机血糖、HbAlc和GSP水平明显降低（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），AOS-M和AOS-H组降低更明显，但各剂量AOS组大鼠随机血糖、HbAlc和GSP水平组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与MC组比较，各给药组大鼠糖耐量水平升高（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），且糖耐量曲线下面积（AUC）减少（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），AOS-M组降低更明显。GLB组、ME组和AOS-M组大鼠FPG水平明显低于MC组（P<0.05）；各给药组大鼠IAI均高于MC组（P<0.05），其中AOS-M和AOS-H组更高。与MC组比较，AOS-L组大鼠血清中TG、TC和HDL-C水平明显亦降低（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），AOS-M组大鼠TG和HDL-C水平亦降低（P<0.05）。结论：AOS可改善GK大鼠一般表征，具有降低血糖、调节血脂和增加胰岛素敏感性作用，以中剂量AOS效果最佳。

Improvement effects of agiophyllum oligosaccharides on generalcharacterization and glucose and lipid metabolism of diabetic GK rats

Objective:To observe the effects of agiophyllum oligosaccharides (AOS ) on the general characterization,blood glucose,blood lipid,and insulin sensitivity of the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK)rats,and to disscuse the curative effect of AOS in the patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus.Methods:A total of 60 type 2 diabetic GK rats were randomly divided into model control (MC),glenn benzene urea (GLB),metformin (ME), low (AOS-L),medium (AOS-M),and high doses (AOS-H)of AOS groups,and the homologous Wistar rats were selected as normal control (NC)group;there were 10 rats in each group.All animals were administered with AOS by gavage for 8 weeks.The body weights,food intakes and water intakes of the rats were tested each week. The level of blood glucose was tested by blood glucose meter test for every 2 weeks.The oral glucose tolerance and blood hematoglobin ALC (HbAlc)levels were analyzed after 8 weeks and the serum levels of fasting serum glucose (FPG),fasting plasma insulin (FINS),glycosylated serum protein (GSP),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C ) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C ) were analyzed in the end of test,at the same time the insulin sensitivity index (IAI)was calculated.Results:Compared with MC group,the general state of rats in administration groups were improved significantly,and the food and water intakes of the GK rats in administration groups were reduced in a certain degree.The food intakes of rats in AOS-M group and AOS-H group were closed to those in GLB group and ME group, and the decline degrees of water intake of rats in different doses of AOS groups were less than those in ME group and GLB group.Compared with MC group,the levels of random blood glucose,HbAlc,and GSP of the rats in different doses of AOS groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01 ) were significantly, especially in AOS-M and AOS-H groups, while there were no significant differences in the levels of random blood glucose, HbAlc,and GSP of rats between different doses of AOS groups (P>0.05).Compared with MC group,the oral glucose tolerance levels of rats in all administration groups were increased and the glucose tolerance areas under curve (AUC)were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), especially in AOS-M group.The FPG levels of rats in AOS-M,GLB,and ME groups were obviously lower than that in MC group (P<0.05).The IAI of rats in administration groups were higher than that in MC group (P<0.05).Compared with MC group, the serum levels of TG, TC, and HDL-C of rats in AOS-L group were obviously decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the serum levels of TG and HDL-C in AOS-M group were decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion:AOS can improve the general characterization of GK rats,and reduce the blood glucose level,regulate the blood lipid level and increase the insulin sensitivity.The medium dose of AOS has the better effect.