人奶、牛奶和新生儿配方奶中的表皮生长因子水平

目的　证实母乳EGF分泌量的变化是对早产儿加速生长和成熟的一种适应性反应；比较人乳、新鲜牛奶以及新生儿奶配方中的EGF含量.方法　使用放射免疫分析法,测定了57份人初乳（分别来自分娩早产儿和足月儿的母亲）、4种新鲜牛奶和8种基于牛奶的新生儿配方奶中的EGF含量. 结果　早产儿奶的EGF水平（28.2±10.3?nmol/L）明显高于足月儿奶（17.3±9.6?nmol/L）.母乳EGF含量与其分娩的新生儿胎龄和出生体重呈负相关.新鲜牛奶的EGF水平（13.8-18.2?nmol/L）与足月儿奶相当,但低于早产儿奶.非水解蛋白质配方奶的EGF浓度明显低于人奶和新鲜牛奶.水解蛋白质配方奶的EGF浓度在可测范围之下. 结论　早产儿奶中EGF的高含量可能代表着一种与早产儿加速的生长发育相适应的代偿机制；由于配方奶中的EGF不足甚至缺乏,故应提倡用母乳喂养自己的婴儿.

Epidermal growth factor concentrations in human milk,cow's milk and cow's milk-based infant formulas

Objective Because maternal epidermal growth factor (EGF) may be an adaptive response to accelerate growth and maturation in premature infants, we compared the EGF content in fresh cow's milk and cow's milk-based infant formulas with full and preterm mother's milk. Methods EGF content of 57 human colostrum from mothers delivering prematurely and at term, 4 different fresh cow's milk and 8 different cow's milk-based infant formulas was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results Human milk from mothers of premature infants had a higher EGF content compared to that from mothers of term infants (28.2±10.3?nmol/L vs 17.3±9.6?nmol/L). EGF content in human milk negatively correlated with gestational age and birth weight of neonates. EGF content in fresh cow's milk (13.8-18.2?nmol/L) was similar to that in human term milk. EGF levels in non-hydrolyzed protein formulas were much lower (5.6-8.6?nmol/L), and were undetactable in hydrolyzed protein formulas. Conclusion The high EGF content in premature milk may represent a maternal compensatory mechanism to accelerate the growth and development of immature infants. Feeding infants with breast milk from their own mother should be advocated since there is lack of EGF in cow's milk-based infant formulas.